Functionalized polyurethane composite gel electrolyte with cosensitized photoanode for higher solar cell efficiency using a passivation layer

Prakash, R.; Maurya, Ishwar Chandra; Srivastava, Pankaj; Mondal, Sourov; Ray, Biswajit; Maiti, Pralay

doi:10.1039/d1na00801c

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…Currently, a biopolymer named polyurethane (PU) is being much highlighted owing to its good thermal and chemical responses, − biodegradable and biocompatible nature, and easy tailoring accessibility with a great variety of building blocks (hard and soft segments), which may find potential applications in coatings, adhesives, , energy storage, tissue engineering, control drug delivery systems, − shape memory functions, , and other biomedical applications . It is a multiblock copolymer consisting of both hard and soft segments; , the former is composed of diisocyanate and later forms extended diol chains, e.g., PTMG (polytetramethylene glycol) and diamines, as chain extenders. From a wide array of available diisocyanates, the MDI (methylene diphenyl diisocyanate)-based system is employed in view of its good reactivity, versatility of combining flexible chains, and excellent mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Core–Shell Structure of Photopolymer-Grafted Polyurethane as a Controlled Drug Delivery Vehicle for Biomedical Application

Santra,

Prakash,

Maity

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Functionalized ultraviolet photocurable bisphenol A-glycerolate dimethacrylates with tailorable size have been synthesized as the core, which have further been grafted using the diisocyanate chain end of polyurethane (PU) as the shell to create a core−shell structure of tunable size for a controlled drug delivery vehicle. The core−shell structure has been elucidated through spectroscopic techniques like 1 H NMR, FTIR, and UV−vis and their relative shape and size through TEM and AFM morphology. The greater cross-link density of the core is reflected in the higher glass transition temperature, and the improved thermal stability of the graft copolymer is proven from its thermogravimetric analyses. The flow behavior and enhanced strength of the graft copolymers have been revealed from rheological measurements. The graft copolymer exhibits sustained release of the drug, as compared to pure polyurethane and photopolymer, arising from its core− shell structure and strong interaction between the copolymer and drug, as observed through a significant shifting of absorption peaks in FTIR and UV−vis measurements. Biocompatibility has been tested for the real application of the novel graft copolymer in medical fields, as revealed from MTT assay, cell imaging, and cell adhesion studies. The efficacy of controlled release from a graft copolymer has been verified from the gradual cell killing and ∼70% killing in 3 days vs meager cell killing of ∼25% very quickly in 1 day, followed by the increased cell viability of the system treated with the pure drug. The mechanism of slow and controlled drug release from the core−shell structure has been explored. The fluorescence images support the higher cell-killing efficiency as opposed to a pure drug or a drug embedded in polyurethane. Cells seeded on 3D scaffolds have been developed by embedding a graft copolymer, and fluorescence imaging confirms the successful growth of cells within the scaffold, realizing the potential of the core−shell graft copolymer in the biomedical arena.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Core–Shell Structure of Photopolymer-Grafted Polyurethane as a Controlled Drug Delivery Vehicle for Biomedical Application

Santra,

Prakash,

Maity

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Polar redox groups have lower activation energy which favors the reversible reaction. 33 However, the activation energy of electrolyte is affected with high gelator content. 34 Functionalized polyurethane electrolyte having an electron-rich pendant group behaves as single ion conductor.…”

Section: Introduction and Backgroundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electron-rich surface works as obstacle for electron hole pair recombination in electrolytes. , Functionalized polymers improve the ionic conductivity of electrolyte through coordination of electrolyte ions into chain structure. ,− This also preserves surface groups of QDs and dyes and hence enhances the conduction pathway. Polar redox groups have lower activation energy which favors the reversible reaction . However, the activation energy of electrolyte is affected with high gelator content .…”

Section: Introduction and Backgroundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Functional Electrolyte, Redox Polymers, and Solar Conversions in 3G Emerging Photovoltaic Technologies: Progress and Outlook

Kumar,

Maiti

2023

Energy Fuels

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Abundant solar energy has transformed the present solar photovoltaics owing to its rapid conversion into electrical energy without deteriorating ecosystem. Third generation (3G) energy conversion devices reveal utilization of photosensitizer, i.e., organic dye, quantum dots, and perovskite as functional absorbing materials to transform solar energy. Functional polymers are key ingredients (fuels) for the development of suitable redox potential and high temperature or humidity resistive charge transport medium. Electrolyte accelerates the photovoltaic reversible reaction (hole conduction) through exposure of a minimum energy barrier between the photoanode and cathode. Redox-active polymer enhances electrolyte uptake efficiency, ionic conductivity, and dimensional stability of solar device. Various electrolytes exhibit different functional activities due to their different redox energy. The functionalized polymer bears appropriate HOMO–LUMO energetics and low activation energy, which could adjust different photosensitizer with better compatibility. Therefore, the redox polymer percolates a redox couple at a photoexcited sensitizer through control of undesired reactions. It plays the important role of ion and electron transport mediator via expanding suitable interfacial energetics and band structure for photovoltaic reaction. The polymeric pendant groups (chemical environments) preserve electrolyte couples through reducing wettability and thus immobilize the active density of electrolyte anions for photovoltaic reactions. Thus, the polymer improves reversibility due to interfacial compatibility, electrolyte filtration effect, and synergistic stabilization. The present review focuses on polymer-derived functional electrolytes, photosensitizer–polymer interface, thermodynamic interactions, and power conversion efficiencies of 3G photovoltaic devices. Functional polymers open an avenue for the development of stable and efficient photovoltaic reactions at low cost based dyes, quantum dots, and perovskite-sensitized solar conversion systems.

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Non-toxic CuInS2 quantum dot sensitized solar cell with functionalized thermoplast polyurethane gel electrolytes

Prakash

Das

Maiti

2023

Polymer

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Functionalized polyurethane composite gel electrolyte with cosensitized photoanode for higher solar cell efficiency using a passivation layer

Abstract: Graphene oxide is chemically tagged with thermoplastic polyurethane, chain extended using butane diol to obtain varying molecular weight of polymer. Graphene tagged polyurethane is functionalized using propane sultone to introduce...

Cited by 3 publications

References 54 publications

Core–Shell Structure of Photopolymer-Grafted Polyurethane as a Controlled Drug Delivery Vehicle for Biomedical Application

Core–Shell Structure of Photopolymer-Grafted Polyurethane as a Controlled Drug Delivery Vehicle for Biomedical Application

Review on Functional Electrolyte, Redox Polymers, and Solar Conversions in 3G Emerging Photovoltaic Technologies: Progress and Outlook

Non-toxic CuInS2 quantum dot sensitized solar cell with functionalized thermoplast polyurethane gel electrolytes

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