Functionalizing DNA origami to investigate and interact with biological systems

Recent Advances in DNA Origami-Engineered Nanomaterials and Applications

“…Third, the complexity of cell membranes, such as the leaflet asymmetry, underlying cytoskeleton, as well as various peripheral and integral membrane proteins, presents both challenges and opportunities to the next generation of DNA nanodevices that act on living cells . So far, DNA nanostructures have been built to deliver molecular payloads to cells, , detect cellular contraction forces, activate cell surface receptors, ,, puncture cell membranes, and cluster cells . In the future, it is conceivable that DNA nanodevices could extract patches of cell membranes, dynamically remodel the cell surface landscape, as well as communicate intracellular signals among cells.…”

“…This review focuses on the most recent advances in DNA-origami-based nanomaterials, including DNA assemblies, superstructures, nanodevices, functional hybrid systems, and many others in the recent five years. Previous important achievements have been discussed in the reviews by Hong et al and others. , Our review is structured as follows (see Figure ). We start with a brief overview of the milestones in DNA self-assembly, followed by a comprehensive presentation of the recent breakthroughs in self-assembly methodologies and advanced DNA architectures.…”

“…Previous important achievements have been discussed in the reviews by Hong et al 2 and others. 3,4 Our review is structured as follows (see Figure 1). We start with a brief overview of the milestones in DNA self-assembly, followed by a comprehensive presentation of the recent breakthroughs in self-assembly methodologies and advanced DNA architectures.…”

Evaluation of Nonmodified Wireframe DNA Origami for Acute Toxicity and Biodistribution in Mice

“…DNA nanostructures have been extensively explored in biomedical applications, − and have emerged as a promising delivery platform for vaccines, − nucleic acid therapeutics, − and small molecule drugs. − The DNA origami method can produce monodisperse DNA-based nucleic acid nanoparticles (NANPs) on the 10–100 nm length scale with near-quantitative yields . Compared with other nanoparticle (NP) delivery platforms, NANPs have several unique advantages. , Independent control over the size and geometry of NANPs with site-specific functionalization may improve tissue- and cell-specific targeting, and their sequence-based programmability can be leveraged for logic-gated, controlled cargo release. , NANPs have tunable biodegradation profiles, and can be modified chemically and structurally to control immunostimulation. ,, Additionally, NANPs can simply incorporate combinatorial ratios of nucleic acid therapeutics including siRNAs and CRISPR-RNPs through nucleic acid hybridization, HDR templates for gene insertion and correction, , and viral targeting elements to promote gene insertion. , Finally, the size regime of 10–100 nm is known for other nanomaterials to minimize clearance both renally (>6 nm) and by the mononuclear phagocyte system (<100 nm). , …”

Evaluation of non-modified wireframe DNA origami for acute toxicity and biodistribution in mice

“…Compared with other nanoparticle (NP) delivery platforms, NANPs have several unique advantages 3, 15 . Independent control over the size and geometry of NANPs with site-specific functionalization may improve tissue- and cell-specific targeting 16 , and their sequence-based programmability can be leveraged for logic-gated, controlled cargo release 17, 18 . NANPs have tunable biodegradation profiles 19 , and can be modified chemically and structurally to control immunostimulation 4, 20, 21 .…”