Functionally graded ZrO2-NiCrAlY coatings prepared by plasma spraying using pre-mixed, spheroidized powders

Production and characterization of plasma-sprayed TiO2–hydroxyapatite functionally graded coatings

“…In order to spray a graded coating different approaches can be experimented; usually, if the graded coating is designed as a multi-layered system, the layers can be produced by using various pre-mixed blends of powders [12][13][14] or coated powder particles. 15,16 In the present research, an alternative technique was preferred and the TiO 2 and HAp powders were not premixed or pre-coated but separately introduced in the plasma flux by two different powder feeders.…”

Characterization of glass–alumina functionally graded coatings obtained by plasma spraying

“…[35][36][37][38] In the present research, instead, the spraying powders (alumina; atomized CZS glass) were not pre-mixed: they were separately loaded in two different powder feeders and the graded profile was built by gradually varying the feeding flow rate of the powders into the plasma flux. 39 In order to define the feeding rate of each powder, a deposition efficiency measurement was previously performed: the alumina powder and the glass one were separately sprayed on a substrate of known thickness by fixing the same spraying parameters and the same number of torch passes; then the thickness of each coating was measured and the ratio between the two thicknesses was used to calibrate the corresponding feeding rates.…”

Free vibration analysis of axially layered functionally graded short beams using experimental and finite element methods

“…In the literature, several techniques have been performed to produce FGMs, such as powder metallurgy [20] , centrifugal casting [21] , tape casting [22] , laser cladding [23] , plasma spray [24] , chemical vapor infiltration [25] , low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) [26] , directed vapor deposition (DVD) [27] , self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) [28] , spark plasma sintering [29] , electrophoretic deposition [30] , electromagnetic separation [31] , and thixotropic casting [32] . In the present study, the powder metallurgy technique is used.…”