Functioning mediates help-seeking for mental problems in the general population

Michel, Chantal; Schnyder, Nina; Schmidt, Stefanie; Groth, Nicola; Schimmelmann, Benno Karl Edgar; Schultze‐Lutter, Frauke

doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.06.009

Cited by 25 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Treatment gap varied across disorders; alcohol dependence had the highest treatment gap (97%), while the lowest treatment gap was observed among those with GAD (62.1%). Similar differences have been reported in other studies [19,20]. Several factors could have contributed to the high gap observed amongst those with alcohol dependence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In a recent study by Font et al [19], lifetime treatment gap was found to be positively associated with being male and practicing religion, and negatively associated with aging, being single, being a French native (versus other nationalities) and experiencing a mood, anxiety, alcohol or substance use and psychotic disorder (versus those not having any disorder). In contrast, a study by Michel et al [20] that examined current help-seeking found that functional impairment and presence of an affective disorder were associated with the highest odds of help-seeking. Other sociodemographic variables, such as age and gender, were unrelated to current help-seeking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Data from the World Mental Health Japan (second) survey estimated a treatment gap of 78.1%, reporting that among the respondents with any 12-month mental disorder, only 21.9% had sought treatment [28]. Similarly, the Bern Epidemiological At-Risk (BEAR) study found that among participants reporting any current axis-I disorder, 48.7% reported having sought help for a mental problem at any time; 35.1% reported having sought help in the past and 13.6% were currently help-seeking [20]. The most frequently endorsed barriers to help-seeking were concerns regarding the cost of treatment, and not needing help as the problem went away by itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CIDI organic exclusion rules were applied to all diagnoses. Age of onset of each disorder was collected and classified as adolescent (11-17 years), young (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35), and older (36-68) onset.…”

Section: World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Intermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Minding the treatment gap: results of the Singapore Mental Health Study

Subramaniam

Abdin

Vaingankar

et al. 2019

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Purpose To establish the 12-month treatment gap and its associated factors among adults with mental disorders in the Singapore resident population using data from the second Singapore Mental Health Study and to examine the changes since the last mental health survey conducted in 2010. Methods 6126 respondents were administered selected modules of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, to assess major depressive disorder (MDD), dysthymia, bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) (which included alcohol abuse and dependence). Past year treatment gap was defined as the absolute difference between the prevalence of a particular mental disorder in the past 12 months preceding the interview and those who had received treatment for that disorder. Results The prevalence of overall 12-month treatment gap in this population was high (78.6%). A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed significantly higher odds of treatment gap among those diagnosed with OCD (compared to those with MDD) and in those with a comorbid chronic physical disorder; while those who had primary education and below and those who were unemployed were less likely to have a treatment gap as compared to those with post-secondary education and those employed, respectively. Conclusions The high treatment gap in the population is concerning and highlights the need to promote help-seeking and uptake of treatment. Given the unique demographic characteristics, i.e., those with higher education and employed were more likely not to seek treatment, targeted interventions in the educational and workplace settings should be implemented.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Intermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Minding the treatment gap: results of the Singapore Mental Health Study

Subramaniam

Abdin

Vaingankar

et al. 2019

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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“…Overall level of functioning, as indexed by the SOFAS score, were similar to the functioning level of nonhelp-seeking adolescent samples from other countries [29,35]. The SOFAS score in our sample was mostly affected by the severity of CAARMS symptoms; therefore, not surprisingly, the ARMS + group had poorer functioning than the ARMS-group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Clinical and Functional Outcomes of At-Risk Mental State Among Non-Help Seeking Adolescents

Švancer¹,

Dorazilová²,

Voráčková³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: At-risk mental state (ARMS) individuals are at high risk to develop psychosis. In addition to attenuated symptoms, ARMS is associated with cognitive and functional impairment. The findings are mostly based on research in help-seeking at-risk population. Our study aim was to explore prevalence rates of ARMS, comorbidities, functioning, and cognitive performance among non-help seeking adolescents. Patients and methods: Study subjects were randomly selected high school adolescents. At-risk mental state was assessed with Comprehensive Assessment of At Risk Mental States interview (CAARMS). Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia examined comorbidities. Social functioning and quality of life were measured with Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS) and KIDSCREEN 52. Cognitive performance in the domains of visual memory, verbal memory, working memory, and processing speed was assessed with a battery of cognitive tests Results: The total of 82 adolescents was enrolled, 21 of them met the ARMS criteria. No case of threshold psychotic disorder was detected in the study sample. Subthreshold mental disorders were more frequent in the ARMS+ group than in the ARMS- group (OR= 3.05; 95%CI 1.07, 8.67; p=0.03). Lower SOFAS scores were observed in the ARMS+ group compared to the ARMS- group (t= -3.888; p<.001; Cohen’s d = 0.99). In the total sample, CAARMS symptoms intensity was negatively associated with the SOFAS score (β = -.51; R2 = 0.26; p<.001). No significant differences in the KIDSCREEN-52 scores or cognitive functioning were found between the groups. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that non-help seeking adolescents with at-risk mental state have worse level of functioning compared to controls and higher rates of non-psychotic psychiatric comorbidities. Reduction in functioning is negatively associated with the severity of their subsyndromal psychotic symptoms.

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Item response theory analysis of the University Personality Inventory in medical students

Sugawara

Yasuda

Sayama

et al. 2023

Neuropsychopharm Rep

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AimYoung adulthood has been recognized as an important period for the transition from adolescence to adulthood. The University Personality Inventory (UPI), a mental health questionnaire for young adulthood, is widely used to screen university students in East Asia. However, dichotomous systems do not allow respondent choose responses other than two options on each symptom. This study employed item response theory (IRT) to examine the properties and performance of UPI items for mental health problems.MethodsJapanese medical students (n = 1185) participated in this study, and the UPI was completed at the time of university admission. The two‐parameter IRT model was used to assess the measurement characteristics of the UPI items.ResultsAmong all participants, 35.4% (420/1185) had total UPI score of 21 or more, and 10.6% (126/1185) indicated that they had the idea of wanting to die (item 25). For further IRT analysis, unidimensionality was confirmed by exploratory factor analysis, in which the primary factor accounted for 39.6% of the variance. The scale has sufficient discrimination power. In the test characteristic curves, the rising slopes of the lines were between θ 0 and 2.ConclusionThe UPI is useful to assess mild or moderate mental health problems, while precision may decline among individuals experiencing both little and extremely high levels of stress. Our findings provide a basis for identifying people who have mental health concerns.

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Functioning mediates help-seeking for mental problems in the general population

Cited by 25 publications

References 65 publications

Minding the treatment gap: results of the Singapore Mental Health Study

Minding the treatment gap: results of the Singapore Mental Health Study

Clinical and Functional Outcomes of At-Risk Mental State Among Non-Help Seeking Adolescents

Item response theory analysis of the University Personality Inventory in medical students

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