Fundamental Examination of Nanoparticle Heating Kinetics Upon Near Infrared (NIR) Irradiation

Abstract

Near infrared (NIR) light, which spans wavelengths from ~700-1100 nm holds particular promise in bionanotechnology-enabled applications because both NIR light and nanoparticles (NPs) have the potential for remote activation leading to exquisite localization and targeting scenarios. In this study, aqueous solutions of carbon and metal-based NPs (carbon black, single-walled carbon nanotubes, silver nanoparticles and copper nanoparticles) were exposed to continuous NIR laser (λ = 1064 nm) irradiation at powers of 2.2W and 4.5W. The differential heating of bulk aqueous suspension of NPs with varying physicochemical properties revealed maximum temperatures of 67 °C with visible evidence of condensation and bubble formation. The basis of the NP heating is due to the strong intrinsic optical absorbance in the NIR spectral window and the transduction of this NIR photon energy into thermal energy. In this regard, UV-vis measurements can accurately predict NP heating kinetics prior to NIR irradiation. Further, a uniform thermodynamic heating model demonstrates close agreement with the experimental data for the low NIR-absorbing NPs. However, the uniform thermodynamic heating model used in this study does not accurately portray the energy release upon localized NP heating because of bubble formation for the highly absorbing NPs. Therefore, this study reveals the differential heating kinetics of NPs excited with NIR with implications in the development of novel NIR-NP-based systems.

In-vitro depth-dependent hyperthermia of human mammary gland adenocarcinoma

“…[5][6][7] Magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles induce local hyperthermia when subject to a near infrared (NIR) optical source. 1,8,9 This hyperthermic effect alone may provide the required thermal energy to ablate local tissue but also may act as a triggering mechanism for release of chemotherapeutics trapped within a polymer matrix surrounding the nanoparticles, 5,8,10 and provide a protective to attenuate the toxicity of uncoated magnetite 11,12 . Previous literature has been largely aimed at the ablation of in-vitro cultures without laser attenuation 6,8 or of subcutaneous tumors with minimal attenuation from biological tissue.…”

Surface modification of gold–carbon nanotube nanohybrids under the influence of near-infrared laser exposure

“…37 A schematic [ Fig. The power was set to 12% of maximum power and then aligned through two 70 T/ 30 R beam splitters.…”

“…Complementary strand DNA (csDNA) chains prelabeled with ferrocennecarboxaldehyde (FCA), i.e., [FCA-C6]ACCAGTTGGTCTGGTGTCAA-3 0 , were then used for hybridizing with the surface-immobilized oligonucleotides to form double strand DNA (dsDNA) helices. [34][35][36][37] However, some studies are beginning to utilize hybrid combinations of gold and CNTs (Refs. 6,10,11 In this case, the final hybrid nanostructures are attractive candidates for the next generation, hybrid functional nanosystems due to a combination of extraordinary strength, unique optical properties, efficient heat conduction, high binding affinity for biomolecules, chemical stability, and overall robustness.…”

Photothermal Effect of PEG-Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

“…The electrical, thermal and spectral properties of SWNTs have been used to develop a number of new technologies for the detection, monitoring and therapy of diseases including cancer [1][2][3][4]. Although pulmonary toxicity of commercially sourced SWNTs was reported when administrated by direct intratracheal instillation [5], it was found that SWNTs were non-toxic to the experimental mice when administrated intravenously and only mild local inflammatory reactions were observed following implantation of SWNTs [6].…”