Fundamental parameters of isolated galaxy triplets in the local universe: statistical study

Tawfeek, Amira A.; Ali, Gamal B.; Takey, A.; Awad, Zainab; Hayman, Z. M.

doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2729

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For gravitational interaction investigations we select our sample under two restrictions, 1. The mean projected separation between the members of each system is as small as possible (r p ≤ 0.1 Mpc), where tidal strength increases as projected separation between the members of triplets decreases (Argudo-Fernández et al, 2015;Tawfeek et al, 2019), i.e. gravitational force more likely affect the photometric and the morphological characteristic of galaxies in triplet systems.…”

Section: Galaxy Triplets Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The morphological type is obtained from literature. The triplets parameters are updated from the SDSS-DR14 (as stated in our previous paper, Tawfeek et al (2019))…”

Section: Photometric Analysis: Surface Brightness Profiles and Decomp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, early-type galaxies are likely interacting if they show fan-like arms, tail-like features, 3) are the break radius in kpc and its normalization, respectively. (4) The isophotal diameter of each galaxy as extracted from NED, (5) the projected separation in kpc as computed by Tawfeek et al (2019), ( 6) is the Dahari parameter, ( 7) is the break type; 2 for type II break and 3 represents type III break 2011) classified early-type galaxies with evidence of a merger (M) or possible merger (PM) if they reveal a double nuclei, or prominent dust lanes, while late-type galaxies are distinguished as merger if they show double nuclei, strong tidal tails, bridge, or strong morphological transformations. Otherwise, galaxies that do not show any features from the above mentioned are denoted by (NI) i.e, no evidence for interaction.…”

Section: Identifying Signs Of Interaction/merger In Our Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The goal of this paper is to understand the state of gravitational interaction in galaxy triplet systems by deeply investigating their morphologies. In our previous paper, Tawfeek et al (2019) applied a statistical study on the "SDSS-based catalogue of Isolated Triplets" (SIT) compiled by Argudo-Fernández et al (2015), containing 315 isolated triplet systems, to estimate their physical and dynamical parameters and hence, understand the nature of galaxy triplet systems and their evolution. In this paper, we selected a sample of nine galaxy triplet systems, from the same catalog (SIT), with small projected separation between their members (r p < 0.1 Mpc, as estimated by Tawfeek et al (2019)) and apparent r−band magnitude m r ≤ 17.0.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous paper, Tawfeek et al (2019) applied a statistical study on the "SDSS-based catalogue of Isolated Triplets" (SIT) compiled by Argudo-Fernández et al (2015), containing 315 isolated triplet systems, to estimate their physical and dynamical parameters and hence, understand the nature of galaxy triplet systems and their evolution. In this paper, we selected a sample of nine galaxy triplet systems, from the same catalog (SIT), with small projected separation between their members (r p < 0.1 Mpc, as estimated by Tawfeek et al (2019)) and apparent r−band magnitude m r ≤ 17.0. We first extract the surface brightness distribution of galaxies in our sample using IRAF-Ellipse task (Jedrzejewski, 1987;Milvang-Jensen and Jørgensen, 1999), written by the National Optical Astronomy Observatories (NOAO) in Tucson-Arizona-USA, and apply 1D modeling to these profiles using one or a combination of various Sérsic profiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gravitational interaction signatures in isolated galaxy triplet systems: a photometric analysis

Tawfeek,

Saha,

Vaghmare

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Galaxy triplets are interesting laboratories where we can study the formation and the evolution of small and large systems of galaxies. This study aims to investigate signs of interaction between the members of nine isolated galaxy triplet systems (27 galaxies) selected from the "SDSS-based catalogue of Isolated Triplets" (SIT) with members brighter than 17.0 (m r ≤ 17.0) in the r−band, and mean projected separation between the members of r p ≤ 0.1 Mpc. In this work, we performed a one-dimensional (1D) fitting of the surface brightness profiles and a two-dimensional (2D) modeling of the sample galaxies. In the 1D fitting, we examined the far outer part of the light profiles of disk galaxies (22 galaxies) and categorized them into type I (simple exponential), type II (down-bending), and type III (up-bending). This fitting results showed that 55% of disk galaxies in our sample represent type III i.e are in state of interaction. In the 2D modeling, we fit smooth axisymmetric profiles to the 27 galaxies and found that 70% exhibit asymmetric features and signs of interactions in their residual images. Thus, we conclude that galaxy triplets, with projected separations (r p ≤ 0.1 Mpc) between their members,

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Section: Galaxy Triplets Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The morphological type is obtained from literature. The triplets parameters are updated from the SDSS-DR14 (as stated in our previous paper, Tawfeek et al (2019))…”

Section: Photometric Analysis: Surface Brightness Profiles and Decomp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identifying Signs Of Interaction/merger In Our Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gravitational interaction signatures in isolated galaxy triplet systems: a photometric analysis

Tawfeek,

Saha,

Vaghmare

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Unveiling bar structures in galaxy triplets: a comprehensive study of isolated galaxy triplets in the local universe

Tawfeek

2024

Astrophys Space Sci

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SIT 45: An interacting, compact, and star-forming isolated galaxy triplet

Grajales-Medina

Argudo-Fernández

Vásquez-Bustos

et al. 2022

A&A

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Context. The underlying scenario of the formation and evolution of galaxy triplets is still uncertain. Mergers of galaxies in isolated triplets give us the opportunity to study the already complex merging process, with minimal contamination of other environmental effects that potentially allow and accelerate galaxy transitions from active star-forming to passive galaxies. Aims. The merging system SIT 45 (UGC 12589) is one of 315 systems in the SDSS-based catalogue of Isolated Triplets (SIT); it is an unusual isolated galaxy triplet, consisting of three merging late-type galaxies. The main aims of this work are to study the dynamical evolution and star formation history (SFH) of SIT 45, as well as its dependence on its local and large-scale environment. Methods. To study its dynamics, parameters such as the velocity dispersion (σv), the harmonic radius (RH), the crossing time (H0tc), and the virial mass (Mvir), along with the compactness of the triplet (S) were considered. To investigate the possible dependence of these dynamical parameters on the environment, the tidal force Q parameters (both local and large-scale) and the projected local density (ηk) were used. To constrain the SFH, we used CIGALE to fit its observed spectral energy distribution using multiwavelength data from the ultraviolet to the infrared. Results. SIT 45 is one of the most compact triplets in the SIT, and it is also more compact than triplets in other samples. According to its SFH, SIT 45 presents star formation, where the galaxies also present recent (∼200 Myr) star formation increase, indicating that this activity may have been triggered by the interaction. Its dynamical configuration suggests that the system is highly evolved in comparison to the SIT. However, this is not expected for systems composed of star-forming late-type galaxies, based on observations in compact groups. Conclusions. We conclude that SIT 45 is a system of three interacting galaxies that are evolving within the same dark matter halo; its compact configuration is a consequence of the ongoing interaction rather than being due to a long-term evolution (as suggested from its H0tc value). We consider two scenarios for the present configuration of the triplet, one where one of the members is a tidal galaxy, and another where this galaxy arrives to the system after the interaction. Both scenarios need further exploration. The isolated triplet SIT 45 is therefore an ideal system to study short timescale mechanisms (∼108 yr), such as starbursts triggered by interactions which are more frequent at higher redshift.

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Fundamental parameters of isolated galaxy triplets in the local universe: statistical study

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Gravitational interaction signatures in isolated galaxy triplet systems: a photometric analysis

Gravitational interaction signatures in isolated galaxy triplet systems: a photometric analysis

Unveiling bar structures in galaxy triplets: a comprehensive study of isolated galaxy triplets in the local universe

SIT 45: An interacting, compact, and star-forming isolated galaxy triplet

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