2016
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-031215-010949
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Fundamental Properties of One-Dimensional Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials and Implementations in Various Detection Modes of Enhanced Biosensing

Abstract: Recent bioapplications of one-dimensional (1D) zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials, despite the short development period, have shown promising signs as new sensors and assay platforms offering exquisite biomolecular sensitivity and selectivity. The incorporation of 1D ZnO nanomaterials has proven beneficial to various modes of biodetection owing to their inherent properties. The more widely explored electrochemical and electrical approaches tend to capitalize on the reduced physical dimensionality, yielding a high … Show more

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Cited by 47 publications
(38 citation statements)
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“…[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Amongst them, ZnO NRs-based FE platforms are particularly fascinating in bioassays, thanks to their well-recognized benefits, such as prevention from fluorescence quenching, no optical absorption in the entire visible to near-infrared region, relatively large refractive index, controllable morphology and alignment, facile fabrication, and low cost. [37][38][39][40] It is therefore no surprise that enormous effort has been devoted to improve the detection performance of ZnO NRs-based FE platforms through various morphology and surface/interface modification. 30,37,38,[41][42][43] For instance, a low limit of detection (LOD) of 100 fg mL -1 for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a typical cancer biomarker, was achieved through coating ZnO NRs with a polymer layer to enhance protein loading capacity 42 or integrating ZnO NRs within special designed microfluidic chips.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Amongst them, ZnO NRs-based FE platforms are particularly fascinating in bioassays, thanks to their well-recognized benefits, such as prevention from fluorescence quenching, no optical absorption in the entire visible to near-infrared region, relatively large refractive index, controllable morphology and alignment, facile fabrication, and low cost. [37][38][39][40] It is therefore no surprise that enormous effort has been devoted to improve the detection performance of ZnO NRs-based FE platforms through various morphology and surface/interface modification. 30,37,38,[41][42][43] For instance, a low limit of detection (LOD) of 100 fg mL -1 for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a typical cancer biomarker, was achieved through coating ZnO NRs with a polymer layer to enhance protein loading capacity 42 or integrating ZnO NRs within special designed microfluidic chips.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, non-toxic ZnO nanostructures, such as aligned nanorods (NRs) forest and nanoflowers (NFs), have been fabricated as low-cost platforms for fluorescence enhancement, which can amplify the signal of fluorescencebased sensors. 6,12,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] The most accepted mechanism to explain the fluorescent enhancement is the large evanescent electric field excited around the surface of the ZnO structure, that leads to increased excitation of the fluorophore. 33,40,41 Previous modelling studied by Börner et al 42 showed evanescent electric field enhancement close to the surface of the ZnO.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The fluorescence panel in Figure 2(A) with all polarizations allowed during excitation and collection clearly shows the characteristic FINE phenomenon we have previously reported. 10,11,15,28,43 The unique behavior of FINE originates from the coupled and waveguided emission from the fluorophores placed on top of the ZnO NR which travels through the NR via the mechanisms of subwavelength waveguiding and surface evanescent wave propagation. 10,11,28 This optical signal is highly intensified and spatially localized at the NR termini, as clearly displayed in the fluorescence intensity graph plotted as a function of the position along the long axis of the NR in the right panel of Figure 2(A).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1015 Anisotropically shaped materials can possess unique light-matter interaction phenomena different from those seen in their isotropic counterparts. 16,17 Previous studies have shown that light interacting with anisotropic materials can result in optically distinctive responses depending on the polarization state of the light, angle of the incident light, and geometric orientation of the nanomaterial.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%