Fundamental Questions in Personality

Wilt, Joshua; Condon, David M; Brown-Riddell, Ashley; Revelle, William

doi:10.1002/per.1905

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Although these proposals suggest that integrating traits and goals promises to be a fruitful endeavor and may be compatible with many theories of traits and goals, most of the work of integration remains to be done (Wilt, Condon, Brown-Riddell, & Revelle, 2012). Are traits and motivational constructs separate and related, integrated, or identical?…”

Section: Traits and Goals: Separate But Related?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are traits useful? Explaining trait manifestations as tools in the pursuit of goals.

McCabe¹,

Fleeson²

2016

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

163

130

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Traits and motivation mainly have been treated separately for almost a century. The purpose of these studies is to test the proposal that traits and motivation are intricately linked. Specifically, that one explanation for traits, at least in terms of their descriptiveness of what people actually do, is the goals people pursue. Study 1 used experience-sampling methodology to show that almost half the variance in extraversion and conscientiousness manifestation was explained by goal pursuit differences. Both why people enacted more of extraversion and/or conscientiousness than others, and why people enacted extraversion and/or conscientiousness at any given moment were explained by the goals people were pursuing at those moments. Study 2 used experimental methodology to show that extraversion and conscientiousness enactment was in fact caused by the goal pursuit. Study 3 employed observer ratings to show that the goal-dependent enactments of traits were observer-verified actual behaviors. In all three studies, different goals affected different traits discriminatively. Thus, these findings provided strong evidence for one explanation of traits, that they are useful for accomplishing goals. These findings provided one answer to long-standing questions about the conceptual relations between traits and motivation. And these findings clarified the meaning and nature of extraversion and conscientiousness by revealing part of what these traits are for.

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Section: Traits and Goals: Separate But Related?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are traits useful? Explaining trait manifestations as tools in the pursuit of goals.

McCabe¹,

Fleeson²

2016

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

163

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Finally, other researchers further decompose facets into nuances commonly operationalised as items (McCrae, 2015;Mõttus, Kandler, Bleidorn, Riemann, & McCrae, 2017;Mõttus, McCrae, Allik, & Realo, 2014). In general, while other structural representations have been proposed such as bifactor models (Anglim, Morse, et al, 2017;Biderman, Nguyen, Cunningham, & Ghorbani, 2011;Chen, Watson, Biderman, & Ghorbani, 2016;Klehe et al, 2012), lists (Loehlin & Goldberg, 2014), network models (Cramer et al, 2012;Guillaume-Hanes, Morse, & Funder, 2012;Wilt, Condon, Brown-Riddell, & Revelle, 2012), and circumplex models (Barford et al, 2015;DeYoung, Weisberg, Quilty, & Peterson, 2013;Hofstee, De Raad, & Goldberg, 1992;Morris, Burns, & Periard, 2015), it seems that the organisation of traits into a hierarchy is a useful tool for conceptualising and organising personality traits, even if the common division into two-levels (domains and facets) is merely a conceptual convenience .…”

Section: Table 1 a Selection Of Popular Hierarchical Models Of Personmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Research Using the Big Five, HEXACO, and Narrow Traits: A Primer for Researchers and Practitioners

Anglim¹,

O’Connor²

2018

Preprint

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Objective Personality traits influence human behaviour across a broad range of situations and are consequently relevant to many theoretical and applied disciplines. In this perspective piece, we provide an overview of the logic underpinning personality measurement and review major personality taxonomies. We provide an extensive set of recommendations for researchers and practitioners on when and how to use measures of personality traits. Method We overview a range of taxonomic representations of personality structure focusing particularly on hierarchical representations and five and six factor models such as the Big Five and HEXACO models. We review the various strengths and weaknesses of each approach. Results The review outlines the major reasons for the dominance of the Big Five model, and suggests it is a good descriptive framework for studying personality in general. However we suggest that researchers and practitioners also consider alternative taxonomic personality representations such as the HEXACO. We provide a range of scenarios whereby alternative frameworks will be more appropriate than the Big Five and offer recommendations both for choosing measures in general and for implementing studies examining personality facets. Conclusion Whilst the Big Five represents an excellent general personality framework that is appropriate across multiple situations, researchers and practitioners should be aware of alternative measures and utilise them where appropriate.

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“…One of the most important contributions of the RST approach is, therefore, its focus on the biological basis of personality by regarding the functioning of and variations in brain systems as the main source of personality differences (Corr, 2008;Revelle, 2008). Second, due to this neuropsychological approach, the RST proposes a very nuanced perspective on personality and its dimensions (Wilt, Condon, Brown-Riddell, & Revelle, 2012) in which the fundamental aspects of behavior and the core elements of emotion and motivation are described (Corr, 2008). Third, several validated scales have been developed to measure the RST concepts which are all easy to assess in child, adolescent, and adult samples (Carver & White, 1994;Franken, Muris, & Rassin, 2005;Muris, Meesters, de Kanter, & Timmerman, 2005).…”

Section: Reinforcement Sensitivity Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role Behavioral of Activation and Inhibition in Explaining Adolescents’ Game Use and Game Engagement Levels

Vangeel

Beullens

Vervoort³

et al. 2016

Media Psychology

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According to Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory, variations in the functioning of two neuropsychological systems, the behavioral approach (BAS) and inhibition (BIS) system, can result in individual differences in personality. Several studies have looked at associations between personality and media use but media research integrating BAS and BIS is scarce. The current cross-sectional survey study (n = 1016) representative for Belgian adolescents investigated associations between BAS and BIS and game use and game

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Fundamental Questions in Personality

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Are traits useful? Explaining trait manifestations as tools in the pursuit of goals.

Are traits useful? Explaining trait manifestations as tools in the pursuit of goals.

Measurement and Research Using the Big Five, HEXACO, and Narrow Traits: A Primer for Researchers and Practitioners

The Role Behavioral of Activation and Inhibition in Explaining Adolescents’ Game Use and Game Engagement Levels

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