Fundamental study of hierarchical millisecond gas-phase catalytic cracking process for enhancing the production of light olefins from vacuum residue

Che, Yuanjun; Yuan, Meng; Qiao, Yingyun; Qin, Liu; Zhang, Jinhong; Tian, Yuanyu

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.09.088

Cited by 43 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The activity of moderate deactivation deviated from that of E-Cat. Actually, many FCC E-Cat have conversion, about 72~76% [9,11,17]. Therefore, it is necessary to modify the hydrothermal conditions and the "Reference conversion" or "Reference catalyst" to fit the conditions of commercial units.…”

Section: Modification For Hydrothermal Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modern FCC catalyst comprises four major components and additives so as to switch adaptability to change product demand and offer increasing profitability [4,11]. The new developed catalysts are supposed to own high resistance to contaminants from the heavy feedstocks, in addition to excellent hydrothermal stability due to the harsh regenerator conditions [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Method to Investigate the Activity Tests of Fresh FCC Catalysts: An Experimental and Prediction Process from Lab Scale to Commercial Scale

Liao

et al. 2021

Processes

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The issues of feedstocks, product markets, and environmental emissions have continuously proposed a number of challenges for industrial evaluation of fresh fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst before its application in commercial units. In this work, a convenient method was proposed by comparing with the existing commercial equilibrium catalyst. A series of laboratory experiments for steam treatments and microactivity tests were established to collect reliable data, and the standalone catalyst or co-catalysts were assessed to show the evaluation process and the predicted unit performance. The results had deviation, but a consistent yield distribution than that of a commercial equilibrium catalyst. These evaluations and predictions would provide us with not only the view of hydrothermal stability and yield distribution at the unit level, but also the economic potential for fresh catalyst based on the existing industrial catalyst, which will provide refiners with industrial basis for further decisions.

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Section: Modification For Hydrothermal Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method to Investigate the Activity Tests of Fresh FCC Catalysts: An Experimental and Prediction Process from Lab Scale to Commercial Scale

Liao

et al. 2021

Processes

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“…Thermal pyrolysis of hydrocarbons to produce lower C2-C4 alkenes, despite great progress in its development, has several significant drawbacks: difficulties in transferring large quantities of heat through the pipe walls, high consumption of alloyed steel, relatively low ethylene yield and difficulties areas of technology and instrumentation process [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the promising ways to improve the pyrolysis process is the use of heterogeneous catalytic systems, which allow it to be carried out under milder conditions with an increase in the yields of the target products and an increase in selectivity [1] . Metals-nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, copper, and aluminum However, they turned out to be ineffective, since they activated predominantly the decomposition of hydrocarbons with the formation of hydrogen, methane and coke [2,3] . Later in high-temperature processes and сatalysts based on various carriers were used: clays, alumina, silica gels and zeolites of the type of mordenite, chabasite [3,4] and У .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of the pyrolysis process in the presence of oxide catalysts have shown that the catalyst does not change the nature of the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons, which occurs mainly according to a heterogeneoushomogeneous radical-chain mechanism, the role of the catalyst is to increase the concentration of free radicals in the volume [1,2] .However, there are a limited number of publications about the use of highsilica zeolites of the ZSM-5 type as catalysts for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons [4][5][6][7][8].In the work [3] it was shown that the introduction of alkaline-earth and rare-earth metal cations into the high-silica zeolite ZSM-5 leads to an increase in the selectivity of the formation of lower olefins during the pyrolysis of hydrocarbon raw materials. Zeolites ZSM-5 modified with cations of magnesium, lanthanum and barium have the maximum selectivity in the formation of lower alkenes C2-C4 from hydrocarbons, which correlates well with their acidic properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermocatalitic Conversion of n-Heptane and the Gas Condensate on Cuprum-Containing Zeolite Type ZSM-5

2019

JECET

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The effect of zinc concentration and conditions of thermocouple treatment on the acid and catalytic properties of zeolite ZSM-5 in the thermocatalytic conversion of nheptane and gas condensate was studied with the aim of obtaining lower C2-C4 alkenes. It is shown that the composition of the products of the thermal catalytic conversion of nheptane depends on the concentration of copper in HZSM-5. The introduction of HZSM-5 copper in an amount of up to 1.0 wt.% leads to a significant increase in the yield of alkenes and a decrease in the content of aromatic hydrocarbons. A further increase in the concentration of copper to 3.0 wt.%. In the zeolite helps reduce the yield of C2-C4 alkenes and increase its aromatizing activity. It is shown that the conditions of thermocouple treatment significantly affect the acidic and catalytic properties of 1% Cu-HZSM-5 catalyst in the conversion of gas condensate to lower C2-C4 olefins. Thermocouple treatment of 1% Cu-HZSM-5 at 650-700 0 С for 180 minutes leads to an increase in the yield of alkenes from 40.2 wt.% to 50.8 wt.% and a decrease in the content of aromatic hydrocarbons from 58.5 to 16.9 wt.%. The modifying effect of copper and TСТ on the activity and selectivity of catalysts is due to a change in their acid spectrum caused by zeolite de-illumination and the ratio of Brenstod and Lewis acid centers. Indeed, as can be seen from Table 2, TСТ of samples reduces the total concentration and strength of acid centers, and first, a decrease in the concentration of strongly acidic centers is observed.On samples of 1% Cu -HZSM-5 subjected to TСТ, there is a general tendency to reduce the degree of conversion of gas condensate and reduce the formation of aromatic hydrocarbons, which is associated with a decrease in the concentration of strongly acidic centers. On all samples of 1% Cu -HZSM-5 subjected to TСТ at different conditions, an Thermocatalitic ….

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Extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from fluid catalytic cracking diesel with ionic liquids

Gao

Liu

et al. 2022

AIChE Journal

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Ionic liquids (ILs) as promising green solvents were first proposed to extract polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) diesel. The COSMO-RS model was used for preliminary screening of IL extractants. The liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) experiments were performed to show that the IL [BMIM][BF 4 ] has a high selectivity for the model oil system. Further, the LLE experimental results show that the solubility of 1-methylnaphthalene in [BMIM][BF 4 ] is relatively low, while the IL exhibits a high selectivity of n-hexadecane to 1-methylnaphthalene. This means that the use of [BMIM][BF 4 ] can obtain the high-purity products when considering the almost nonvolatility of IL. Compared to the benchmark process, the multistage countercurrent-reflux extraction process can improve the PAHs purity by about 2% at the expense of 5.06% total annual cost and 6.42% energy consumption, rendering the use of IL to extract PAHs from FCC diesel more feasible in industry.

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Fundamental study of hierarchical millisecond gas-phase catalytic cracking process for enhancing the production of light olefins from vacuum residue

Cited by 43 publications

References 35 publications

A Novel Method to Investigate the Activity Tests of Fresh FCC Catalysts: An Experimental and Prediction Process from Lab Scale to Commercial Scale

A Novel Method to Investigate the Activity Tests of Fresh FCC Catalysts: An Experimental and Prediction Process from Lab Scale to Commercial Scale

Thermocatalitic Conversion of n-Heptane and the Gas Condensate on Cuprum-Containing Zeolite Type ZSM-5

Extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from fluid catalytic cracking diesel with ionic liquids

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