“…However, the realization for in-piping cableless robots capable of locomotion over long range inside the pipe is required. A many studies have investigated the mechanisms of an actuator having an attached electrical cable to provide locomotion in the pipe using devices such as piezoelectric elements (Saito et al, 2000;Fujita et al, 2004), air cylinders (Ohno et al, 2006), shape memory alloys (Reynaerts et al, 1996;Kwon et al, 2005), and electromagnetic motors (Choi et al, 2007;Miyagawa et al, 2008;Bocko et al, 2009). There are several potential problems in the design, however, with regard to extending the range and avoiding tangling of the electrical cable, and thus it is clearly desirable to adopt a cable-free system.…”