Fundamentals of Diagnostic Ultrasound

Comparison between ultrasonographic findings of benign and malignant canine mammary gland tumours using B-mode, colour Doppler, power Doppler and spectral Doppler

“…Echotexture was classified as homogeneous or heterogeneous. Although interpretation of an ultrasonographic texture is subjective, it has been proposed that an echotexture is homogeneous when dots size and spacing is uniform or regular, and heterogeneous when is nonuniform or irregular (Matton and Nyland, 2015). To diminish this parameter of subjectivity and as ultrasonography is operator dependent, the ultrasonographic studies were always performed by the same persons in both centers were the study was carried out.…”

Ultrasonographic Examination of Some Vessels in Dogs and the Characteristics of Blood Flow in These Vessels

“…Despite that, an increased RI and difference in the RI between both kidneys higher than 0.1 can support a detection of an acute unilateral obstruction in dogs [8]. …”

“…In cardiology, the spectral Doppler examination is used most commonly. Few According to M a t t o o n and N y l a n d [8], every value of the RI higher than 0.7 is considered abnormal. Such findings are non-specific and occur in a number of disorders such as acute renal disease, acute tubular necrosis and renal obstruction [8].…”

“…Few According to M a t t o o n and N y l a n d [8], every value of the RI higher than 0.7 is considered abnormal. Such findings are non-specific and occur in a number of disorders such as acute renal disease, acute tubular necrosis and renal obstruction [8]. The authors conducted a study on 27 dogs without sedation and the upper limits were 0.72 for the RI and 1.52 for the PI.…”

“…It is irreplaceable in cardiology for the examination of insufficiencies of valves, stenosis or septal defects [8].…”