Fundamentals of organic solar cells: A review on mobility issues and measurement methods

Ghorab, Mahya; Fattah, Ali; Joodaki, Mojtaba

doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2022.169730

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 200 publications

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“…The fabrication conditions to achieve immensely pure and continuous crystals are demanding, and solar-grade hydrogenated amorphous silicon is only obtainable by plasma-based techniques. This has motivated the search for new solarcell materials as a substitute for silicon-based photovoltaics (18). Organic semiconductors are excellent candidates for replacing heavier and less transportable silicon-based semiconductors in solar cells for automotive and other applications where lightweight is critical.…”

Section: 2snom Applications In Plasmon-enhanced Organic Photovoltaic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to lightweight, OPVs may therefore also have the potential of lowering the manufacturing costs of solar panels which will, ultimately, make solar energy cheaper even if OPVs are less efficient than their competitors that are more performing but also significantly more costly to be manufactured (19). As state-of-the art OPVs exhibit as much as 19% photoconversion efficiency (18), more efforts are required in the development of organic solar energy harnessing technology to overcome the Shockley-Queisser limit, a maximum device efficiency of ~33 % in a single junction device.…”

Section: 2snom Applications In Plasmon-enhanced Organic Photovoltaic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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(Invited) Near-Field Optics and Its Applications in Nanoscale Materials: A Review

Fanchini,

Stocek,

Wong

2024

ECS Trans.

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In this paper, we first offer an overview of aperture-type scanning near field optical microscopy –a family of super-resolution imaging techniques based on evanescent waves, which can be combined with atomic force microscopy and are capable of subwavelength resolution nano-optical imaging. In the second part of this review, we will discuss a few applications in which our group capitalized on the super-resolution resolving power of SNOM to design specific nano-optical and nano-photonic systems for light harvesting, resistive memory device applications and nanoscale thermo-optical management. Specific case studies that will be presented include the characterization of weakly photoluminescent and curved carbon dots for memory device applications, the three-dimensional characterization of plasmon-enhanced nanophotonic devices, as well as the development of near-field thermoreflectance imaging for nanophotonic-based thermal management applications. Collectively, our study well represents the versability of SNOM as a unique super-resolution nanophotonic tool for the investigation of light-matter interaction at the nanoscale.

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Section: 2snom Applications In Plasmon-enhanced Organic Photovoltaic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 2snom Applications In Plasmon-enhanced Organic Photovoltaic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

(Invited) Near-Field Optics and Its Applications in Nanoscale Materials: A Review

Fanchini,

Stocek,

Wong

2024

ECS Trans.

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“…Nitroxides have not been considered highly conducting compounds ,,,,,− because the structural differences between the radical and the oxoammonium states are large, and thus, the inner reorganization energy is large (>1 eV). , However, a substantial conductivity of 10 –1 S/cm was reported for a TEMPO-substituted glycidyl polymer ( NO25 ). The conductivity is comparable to a well-known conductive polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS; 10 –5 –10 3 S/cm). ,, Unlike regular organic semiconductors, ,− no obvious space charge-limited current was detected, even under an exceptionally large electric field (2 × 10 –6 V/m) . In contrast, the large conductivity was observed only with submicrometer thicknesses, which was explained by the percolating networks of nitroxide sites.…”

Section: Application Of Organic Radicals In Energy Conversion/storage...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox: Organic Robust Radicals and Their Polymers for Energy Conversion/Storage Devices

Hatakeyama-Sato,

Oyaizu

2023

Chem. Rev.

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Persistent radicals can hold their unpaired electrons even under conditions where they accumulate, leading to the unique characteristics of radical ensembles with open-shell structures and their molecular properties, such as magneticity, radical trapping, catalysis, charge storage, and electrical conductivity. The molecules also display fast, reversible redox reactions, which have attracted particular attention for energy conversion and storage devices. This paper reviews the electrochemical aspects of persistent radicals and the corresponding macromolecules, radical polymers. Radical structures and their redox reactions are introduced, focusing on redox potentials, bistability, and kinetic constants for electrode reactions and electron self-exchange reactions. Unique charge transport and storage properties are also observed with the accumulated form of redox sites in radical polymers. The radical molecules have potential electrochemical applications, including in rechargeable batteries, redox flow cells, photovoltaics, diodes, and transistors, and in catalysts, which are reviewed in the last part of this paper.

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“…[6] Organic-based optoelectronic devices, have attracted considerable interest as an alternative to complement silicon or perovskite-based devices, due to their easy solution processing methods on flexible substrates. [7] Besides their lightweight, flexibility and semi-transparent properties, the production scalability in large-area devices, such as photovoltaic panels, is an interesting advantage of organic photovoltaics. [8][9][10][11] In addition to these benefits, their energy payback times are substantially shorter than those achieved in single-crystal silicon solar cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Steroid‐[60]Fullerene as n‐Type Material for Organic Photovoltaics

Lemos,

Perez‐Badell,

Ortiz

et al. 2023

Eur J Org Chem

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Fullerene derivatives have been used as electron acceptor and transport materials in organic photovoltaics as well as in perovskite solar cells. Among them, [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) has been one of the most widely used, in combination with poly‐3‐hexylthiophene (P3HT) as an electron donor semiconducting polymer, for the fabrication of organic bulk heterojunction solar cells (BHJ‐OSC). In this work, a steroid‐fullerene hybrid was synthesized through the Bingel–Hirsch reaction to compare its properties with PC61BM as the reference structure. Different spectroscopic techniques were employed to characterize the new fullerene derivative, namely 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). In addition, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and cyclic voltammetry were also performed. The characterization was completed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which explore the hybrid‘s morphology, where the presence of the steroid moiety increases the solubility of the fullerene material. DFT/PBE−D3(BJ)/6‐311G(d,p) calculations for both the steroid‐fullerene hybrid and PC61BM allowed to obtain geometry optimizations and electronic structure data. A comparative study to analyze the nature of the electronic properties of the synthesized steroid‐[60]fullerene hybrid and PC61BM with an oligomer of ten thiophene units, used in the active layer of organic solar cells, was carried out. Electron density maps using the [CIS|CNDOL/21] approach illustrate the photoexcitation of the donor followed by an electron‐charge transfer to the acceptor fullerene.

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Fundamentals of organic solar cells: A review on mobility issues and measurement methods

Cited by 11 publications

References 200 publications

(Invited) Near-Field Optics and Its Applications in Nanoscale Materials: A Review

(Invited) Near-Field Optics and Its Applications in Nanoscale Materials: A Review

Redox: Organic Robust Radicals and Their Polymers for Energy Conversion/Storage Devices

Hybrid Steroid‐[60]Fullerene as n‐Type Material for Organic Photovoltaics

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