Fungal Adenylyl Cyclase Integrates CO2 Sensing with cAMP Signaling and Virulence

Klengel, Torsten; Liang, Weijun; Chaloupka, James; Ruoff, Claudia; Schröppel, Klaus; Naglik, Julian R.; Eckert, Sabine; Mogensen, Estelle; Haynes, Ken; Tuite, Mick F.; Levin, Lonny R.; Buck, Jochen; Mühlschlegel, Fritz A.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2005.11.043

Cited by 47 publications

(77 citation statements)

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“…We examined the role of arginineinduced germ tube formation in the escape of C. albicans from murine macrophages (Ghosh et al, 2009). Our studies link the work of Lorenz et al (2004), who showed that the genes for L-arginine biosynthesis were induced following internalization by macrophages, with that of Sims (1986) and Mühlschlegel's group (Klengel et al, 2005;Bahn & Mühlschlegel, 2006), who showed that elevated CO 2 triggers hyphal growth. We connected these two observations via the enzymes L-arginase (Car1p), which converts arginine to urea, and urea amidolyase (Dur1,2p), which produces CO 2 .…”

Section: Urea and Pathogenicitymentioning

confidence: 87%

Evolutionary aspects of urea utilization by fungi

Navarathna

Harris

Roberts

et al. 2010

FEMS Yeast Research

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The higher fungi exhibit a dichotomy with regard to urea utilization. The hemiascomycetes use urea amidolyase (DUR1,2) whereas all other higher fungi use the nickel-containing urease. Urea amidolyase is an energy dependent biotin-containing enzyme. It likely arose prior to the Euascomycete/Hemiascomycete divergence ca. 350 million years ago by insertion of an unknown gene into one copy of a duplicated methylcrotonyl CoA carboxylase (MccA). The dichotomy between urease and urea amidolyase coincides precisely with that for the Ni/Co transporter (Nic1p) which is present in the higher fungi that use urease and absent in those that do not. We suggest that the selective advantage for urea amidolyase is that it allowed the hemiascomycetes to jettison all Ni 2+ and Co 2+ dependent metabolism and thus to have two fewer transition metals whose concentrations need to be regulated. Also, the absence of MccA in the hemiascomycetes coincides with and may explain their production of fusel alcohols.

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Section: Urea and Pathogenicitymentioning

confidence: 87%

Evolutionary aspects of urea utilization by fungi

Navarathna

Harris

Roberts

et al. 2010

FEMS Yeast Research

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“…Although sufficient CO 2 is produced during catabolism, deprivation of atmospheric CO 2 leads to growth inhibition and death of heterotrophs (Brown & Howitt, 1969;Dehority, 1971). Carbonic anhydrase is expressed in abundance by many soil dwelling organisms such as bacteria (Kozliak et al, 2000;Kusian et al, 2002;Mitsuhashi et al, 2004) and fungi (Aguilera et al, 2005;Amoroso et al, 2005;Klengel et al, 2005;Mogensen et al, 2006). The wide occurrence of CA in bacteria and fungi indicate a fundamental physiological significance of these enzymes in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) metabolism in cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaporation and carbonic anhydrase activity recorded in oxygen isotope signatures of net CO₂ fluxes from a Mediterranean soil

Wingate

Seibt

Maseyk

et al. 2008

Global Change Biology

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The oxygen stable isotope composition (d 18 O) of CO 2 is a valuable tool for studying the gas exchange between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. In the soil, it records the isotopic signal of water pools subjected to precipitation and evaporation events. The d 18 O of the surface soil net CO 2 flux is dominated by the physical processes of diffusion of CO 2 into and out of the soil and the chemical reactions during CO 2 -H 2 O equilibration. Catalytic reactions by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, reducing CO 2 hydration times, have been proposed recently to explain field observations of the d 18 O signatures of net soil CO 2 fluxes. How important these catalytic reactions are for accurately predicting large-scale biosphere fluxes and partitioning net ecosystem fluxes is currently uncertain because of the lack of field data. In this study, we determined the d 18 O signatures of net soil CO 2 fluxes from soil chamber measurements in a Mediterranean forest. Over the 3 days of measurements, the observed d 18 O signatures of net soil CO 2 fluxes became progressively enriched with a well-characterized diurnal cycle. Model simulations indicated that the d 18 O signatures recorded the interplay of two effects: (1) progressive enrichment of water in the upper soil by evaporation, and (2) catalytic acceleration of the isotopic exchange between CO 2 and soil water, amplifying the contributions of 'atmospheric invasion' to net signatures. We conclude that there is a need for better understanding of the role of enzymatic reactions, and hence soil biology, in determining the contributions of soil fluxes to oxygen isotope signals in atmospheric CO 2 .

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“…Inactivation of the carbonic anhydrase (NCE103), which enhances the natural hydration of CO 2 to bicarbonate, abrogates C. albicans' growth in air. Supplementation of the atmosphere with CO 2 rescues the growth defect of the nce103 mutant (Klengel et al, 2005). Furthermore, increase of NaHCO 3 concentration to physiological levels stimulates recombinant Cyr1p, suggesting that the adenylate cyclase is a cytoplasmic sensor for CO 2 .…”

Section: Gas Sensing (Co 2 and O 2 )mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In these niches, the concentration of O 2 is also variable (Kessler et al, 1974). CO 2 was demonstrated to be a strong inducer of filamentation; a wild-type strain produces hyphae in a 5% CO 2 -enriched environment, whereas under the same conditions, but in air, (normo-capneic conditions) this strain grows in a yeast form (Klengel et al, 2005). This phenotype is lost in an adenylate cyclase mutant (cyr1).…”

Section: Gas Sensing (Co 2 and O 2 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hyphae induction by CO 2 required the C. albicans adenylyl cyclase Cyr1p, and thereby cAMP, to activate the PKA pathway. However, this activation seems to occur independently of Ras1p (Klengel et al, 2005). In mammalian as well as bacterial cells, adenylate cyclase is described as directly responsive to the concentration of bicarbonate (the hydrated form of CO 2 inside the cell) (Chen et al, 2000).…”

Section: Gas Sensing (Co 2 and O 2 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensing the environment: Response ofCandida albicansâto the X factor

Cottier

Mühlschlegel

2009

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Virulence of the fungal human pathogen Candida albicans is also attributed to its ability to switch reversibly between yeast and hyphal growth forms. Morphogenesis in this yeast is influenced by the composition of the environment, activating sensors, which consequently play an important role in fungal pathogenicity. This review summarizes some of the main environmental sensors, their ligands and downstream signaling pathways in C. albicans. We will focus on proteins localized in the plasma membrane and on the interaction between cells and their environment. This will underline the convergence of several environmental signals onto the mitogen-activated protein kinase and protein kinase A pathways.

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Fungal Adenylyl Cyclase Integrates CO2 Sensing with cAMP Signaling and Virulence

Cited by 47 publications

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Evolutionary aspects of urea utilization by fungi

Evolutionary aspects of urea utilization by fungi

Evaporation and carbonic anhydrase activity recorded in oxygen isotope signatures of net CO₂ fluxes from a Mediterranean soil

Sensing the environment: Response ofCandida albicansâto the X factor

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Fungal Adenylyl Cyclase Integrates CO2 Sensing with cAMP Signaling and Virulence

Cited by 47 publications

References 0 publications

Evolutionary aspects of urea utilization by fungi

Evolutionary aspects of urea utilization by fungi

Evaporation and carbonic anhydrase activity recorded in oxygen isotope signatures of net CO2 fluxes from a Mediterranean soil

Sensing the environment: Response ofCandida albicansâto the X factor

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Product

Resources

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Evaporation and carbonic anhydrase activity recorded in oxygen isotope signatures of net CO₂ fluxes from a Mediterranean soil

Sensing the environment: Response ofCandida albicansâto the X factor