Fungal aquaporins: cellular functions and ecophysiological perspectives

Nehls, Uwe; Dietz, Sandra

doi:10.1007/s00253-014-6049-0

Cited by 56 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…Symplastic water transport at such flow velocities requires the presence of aquaporins. Those are likely part of the cell membrane in A. bisporus as the encoding genes were identified (32).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redistribution of soil water by a saprotrophic fungus enhances carbon mineralization

Guhr

Borken

Spohn

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

124

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The desiccation of upper soil horizons is a common phenomenon, leading to a decrease in soil microbial activity and mineralization. Recent studies have shown that fungal communities and fungalbased food webs are less sensitive and better adapted to soil desiccation than bacterial-based food webs. One reason for a better fungal adaptation to soil desiccation may be hydraulic redistribution of water by mycelia networks. Here we show that a saprotrophic fungus (Agaricus bisporus) redistributes water from moist (-0.03 MPa) into dry (-9.5 MPa) soil at about 0.3 cm·min −1 in single hyphae, resulting in an increase in soil water potential after 72 h. The increase in soil moisture by hydraulic redistribution significantly enhanced carbon mineralization by 2,800% and enzymatic activity by 250-350% in the previously dry soil compartment within 168 h. Our results demonstrate that hydraulic redistribution can partly compensate water deficiency if water is available in other zones of the mycelia network. Hydraulic redistribution is likely one of the mechanisms behind higher drought resistance of soil fungi compared with bacteria. Moreover, hydraulic redistribution by saprotrophic fungi is an underrated pathway of water transport in soils and may lead to a transfer of water to zones of high fungal activity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redistribution of soil water by a saprotrophic fungus enhances carbon mineralization

Guhr

Borken

Spohn

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

124

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“… Decreased amino acid pools (Blaudez et al ., ) in combination with a strong repression of glutamine synthetase expression (Wright et al ., ) in hyphae next to root cells. Enforced expression of genes encoding ammonia‐permeable fungal major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) in ectomycorrhizas (Basidiomycota: Dietz et al ., ; Ascomycota: Peter et al ., ). In fungi, MIP‐based ammonia permeability cannot be predicted from the primary protein sequence, but must be proven experimentally (Nehls & Dietz, ). Upregulation of plant‐located H + : ammonium importers in an ECM‐dependent manner (Selle et al ., ; Couturier et al ., ). …”

Section: Hyphal N/p Efflux At the Plant–fungus Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and phosphate metabolism in ectomycorrhizas

Nehls

Plassard

2018

New Phytologist

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1047 I. Introduction 1047 II. Mobilization of soil N/P by ECM fungi 1048 III. N/P uptake 1048 IV. N/P assimilation 1049 V. N/P storage and remobilization 1049 VI. Hyphal N/P efflux at the plant-fungus interface 1052 VII. Conclusion and research needs 1054 Acknowledgements 1055 References 1055 SUMMARY: Nutrient homeostasis is essential for fungal cells and thus tightly adapted to the local demand in a mycelium with hyphal specialization. Based on selected ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal models, we outlined current concepts of nitrogen and phosphate nutrition and their limitations, and included knowledge from Baker's yeast when major gaps had to be filled. We covered the entire pathway from nutrient mobilization, import and local storage, distribution within the mycelium and export at the plant-fungus interface. Even when nutrient import and assimilation were broad issues for ECM fungi, we focused mainly on nitrate and organic phosphorus uptake, as other nitrogen/phosphorus (N/P) sources have been covered by recent reviews. Vacuolar N/P storage and mobilization represented another focus point of this review. Vacuoles are integrated into cellular homeostasis and central for an ECM mycelium at two locations: soil-growing hyphae and hyphae of the plant-fungus interface. Vacuoles are also involved in long-distance transport. We further discussed potential mechanisms of bidirectional long-distance nutrient transport (distances from millimetres to metres). A final focus of the review was N/P export at the plant-fungus interface, where we compared potential efflux mechanisms and pathways, and discussed their prerequisites.

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“…The mechanisms behind the water and nutrient exchange and the precise nature of exchanged molecules in ECM associations remain uncovered. Increasing scientific interest has recently been directed towards fungal AQP functions as they have been hypothesized to act as nitrogen efflux carriers in the symbiotic interface (Nehls & Dietz ). In addition to water transport (Marjanović et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laccaria bicolor aquaporin LbAQP1 is required for Hartig net development in trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides)

Navarro‐Ródenas

Kemppainen

et al. 2015

Plant Cell & Environment

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The development of ectomycorrhizal associations is crucial for growth of many forest trees. However, the signals that are exchanged between the fungus and the host plant during the colonization process are still poorly understood. In this study, we have identified the relationship between expression patterns of Laccaria bicolor aquaporin LbAQP1 and the development of ectomycorrhizal structures in trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) seedlings. The peak expression of LbAQP1 was 700-fold higher in the hyphae within the root than in the free-living mycelium after 24 h of direct interaction with the roots. Moreover, in LbAQP1 knock-down strains, a non-mycorrhizal phenotype was developed without the Hartig net and the expression of the mycorrhizal effector protein MiSSP7 quickly declined after an initial peak on day 5 of interaction of the fungal hyphae with the roots. The increase in the expression of LbAQP1 required a direct contact of the fungus with the root and it modulated the expression of MiSSP7. We have also determined that LbAQP1 facilitated NO, H2 O2 and CO2 transport when heterologously expressed in yeast. The report demonstrates that the L. bicolor aquaporin LbAQP1 acts as a molecular signalling channel, which is fundamental for the development of Hartig net in root tips of P. tremuloides.

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Fungal aquaporins: cellular functions and ecophysiological perspectives

Cited by 56 publications

References 167 publications

Redistribution of soil water by a saprotrophic fungus enhances carbon mineralization

Redistribution of soil water by a saprotrophic fungus enhances carbon mineralization

Nitrogen and phosphate metabolism in ectomycorrhizas

Laccaria bicolor aquaporin LbAQP1 is required for Hartig net development in trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides)

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