Fungal biodegradation of pomegranate ellagitannins

Abstract

Ellagitannins (ETs) are phytochemicals derived from secondary metabolism associated to defense system, with complex chemical structures, which have high participation during all stages of protection against microbial infection. In this study, we report the fungal biodegradation of a bioactive ET, named punicaline which was recovered and purified from pomegranate peels and used as carbon source in solid-state culture (SSC) using polyurethane as solid support. SSC was kinetically monitored during 36 h of incubation time. ETs and glycosides consumption were spectrophotometrically determined. Ellagic acid (EA) accumulation was analyzed by HPLC. Several enzymatic activities were assayed (cellulase, xylanase, β-glucosydase, polyphenoloxidase, tannase, and ET hydrolyzing activities). The consumption levels of ETs and glycosides were 66 and 40%, while EA accumulation reached 42.02 mg g(-1). A differential pattern of enzymatic activities was found; evidence from our studies suggests that the ET hydrolyzing activity is directly associated to EA accumulation, and production of this enzyme may represent the most critical step to successfully develop a bioprocess for production of an important bioactive compound, the EA.

The complete biodegradation pathway of ellagitannins by Aspergillus niger in solid‐state fermentation

“…PPE was obtained using an Amberlite XAD‐16 resin. First, distilled water was use as eluent to discard undesirable compounds such as different molecular weight sugars, then ethanol was employed as an eluent to recover the PPE fraction . Solvent was evaporated using a rotator evaporator and PPE were recovered as a fine powder.…”

“…The tubes were centrifuged at 3300 g for 15 min in order to remove undesirable compounds (low molecular weight compounds). After this, the methodology for the ellagitannase activity was carried out as before .…”

“…Earlier, we reported the influence of ellagitannase on ellagitannins biodegradation in order to obtain EA ; therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the fungal biodegradation pathway of pomegranate ellagitannins during SSC and identify the role of the enzyme produced by Aspergillus niger GH1 during the ellagitannin degradation process to identify the intermediate compounds produced, in order to design future technological processes for obtaining and recovery of EA.…”

Management of Fruit Industrial By-Products—A Case Study on Circular Economy Approach

“…Presently, there is a lot of information regarding food by-product employment for enzyme production/extraction, however, there are few reports for the implementation of specific fruit by-products for enzyme production. In turn, pomegranate peel powder was employed for ellagitannase and cellulase production by Aspergillus niger through solid-state fermentation [99].…”

Fungi from industrial tannins: potential application in biotransformation and bioremediation of tannery wastewaters

“…Tannase production experiments usually are based on liquid-surface fermentation or solid-state fermentation, but most of the paper work with a single strain (Ascacio-Valdes et al 2016;Cruz-Hernandez et al 2006). This study evaluated and innovative and original solution to follow tannins degradation by a screening approach allowing to investigate the tannase production capability of 10 strains in a limited time.…”