Fungal canker agents in apple production hubs of Iran

Nourian, Abbas; Salehi, Mina; Safaie, Naser; Khelghatibana, Fatemeh; Abdollahzadeh, Jafar

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-02245-8

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Inoculating detached branches is a standard test described by Afek et al 72 and researchers 73 – 76 . To clarify terminology, these was cited as in vitro, in vivo or in planta tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae causes dieback on Pinus eldarica and its potential for infection of urban forest trees

Alizadeh

Safaie

Shams‐Bakhsh

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae is one of the most important pathogens on woody plants which has increasingly been reported as a pathogen in different hosts in recent years. The pine trees are widely cultured in many cities of Iran. In recent years, dieback symptoms were observed on Pinus eldarica trees in Tehran and Qazvin provinces. The aim of this study was to investigate the dieback causal agent on P. eldarica trees in Iran. The branches and cones of P. eldarica trees were sampled for fungal isolation. The morphological and molecular characterizations (ITS, LSU, and TEF1-α regions) identified N. novaehollandiae as a dieback causal agent. This is the first report of N. novaehollandiae disease of P. eldarica trees in Iran. Furthermore, disease severity was assayed on 19 urban forest trees under three different temperature and relative humidity (RHs) regimes. C regime (29 °C and 15% RH) displayed more disease severity on detached branches than B (24 °C and 80% RH) and A (19 °C and 35% RH) ones. This study presents the host range of this pathogen, and showed that these potential hosts are prone to this pathogen under high temperature and low humidity which urban forest trees experienced in recent decades.

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“…Inoculating detached branches is a standard test described by Afek et al 72 and researchers 73 – 76 . To clarify terminology, these was cited as in vitro, in vivo or in planta tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae causes dieback on Pinus eldarica and its potential for infection of urban forest trees

Alizadeh

Safaie

Shams‐Bakhsh

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…recently reported as pathogenic on apple trees include Dip. bulgarica (Nourian et al, 2021), Dip. mutila (Urbez-Torres et al, 2016;Sessa et al, 2017;Diaz et al, 2019;Lodolo et al, 2022), Dip.…”

Section: Fungal Trunk Diseases Of Applementioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal trunk diseases of fruit trees in Europe: pathogens, spread and future directions

Guarnaccia

Kraus

Markakis³

et al. 2023

Phytopathol. Mediterr.

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Production from crops of pome, stone fruit, nut, berry fruit, citrus, grapevine, and olive is increasingly threatened by fungal trunk diseases (FTD). These diseases and the consequent production losses are major problems. Many fungi (including Botryosphaeriaceae, Calosphaeriaceae, Diaporthaceae, Diatrypaceae, Nectriaceae, Phaeomoniellaceae, Pleosporaceae, Togniniaceae, Valsaceae) infect host wood, mainly through wounds and subsequent colonization of woody tissues, causing symptoms such as cankers, gummosis, wood rotting, blight and dieback. Propagative plant material, seedlings and fruit play a significant role in pathogen spread. Several abiotic factors (e.g. shifts in cultural practices and climate change) are involved in the disease development. This paper reviews recent literature on FTD of fruit crops, particularly focusing on the European status of pathogen occurrence. Case studies are described related to diseases of apple, citrus, grapevine, berry, nut and stone fruit, and olive trees. Aspects related to epidemiology and the increase in disease incidence along with the future perspectives on the FTD research are also discussed.

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“…In the non‐EU areas of its current distribution, N. dimidiatum affects a wide range of woody perennial crops and ornamental plants causing a variety of symptoms, which include leaf spot, leaf scorch, leaf/needle blight, shoot blight, branch dieback, canker, blossom decline, pre‐harvest and post‐harvest fruit rot, stem‐end rot, gummosis, root rot, decline and even the death of the hosts (Pavlic et al., 2008 ; Polizzi et al., 2011 ; Sakalidis et al., 2011 ; Mohd et al., 2013 ; Rolshausen et al., 2013 ; Machado et al., 2014 ; Yi et al., 2015 ; Mayorquin et al., 2016 ; Lin et al., 2017 ; Nouri et al., 2018 ; de Mello et al., 2019 ; Oksal et al., 2019 ; Sabernasab et al., 2019 ; Türkölmez et al., 2019a , 2019b ; Hong et al., 2020 ; Nourian et al., 2021 ; Özer et al., 2022 ; Güney et al., 2022a , 2022b ; Ören et al., 2022a , 2022b ).…”

Section: Pest Categorisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum

Bragard¹,

Baptista²,

Chatzivassiliou³

et al. 2023

EFS2

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The EFSA Plant Health Panel performed a pest categorisation of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, a clearly defined plant pathogenic fungus of the family Botryosphaeriaceae. The pathogen affects a wide range of woody perennial crops and ornamental plants causing symptoms such as leaf spot, shoot blight, branch dieback, canker, pre-and post-harvest fruit rot, gummosis and root rot. The pathogen is present in Africa, Asia, North and South America, and Oceania. It has also been reported from Greece, Cyprus and Italy, with a restricted distribution. Nevertheless, there is a key uncertainty on the geographical distribution of N. dimidiatum worldwide and in the EU, because in the past, when molecular tools were not available, the two synanamorphs of the pathogen (Fusicoccum-like and Scytalidium-like) might have been misidentified based only on morphology and pathogenicity tests. N. dimidiatum is not included in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072. Because of the wide host range of the pathogen, this pest categorisation focuses on those hosts for which there is robust evidence that the pathogen was formally identified by a combination of morphology, pathogenicity and multilocus sequence analysis. Plants for planting, fresh fruits and bark and wood of host plants as well as soil and other plant growing media are the main pathways for the further entry of the pathogen into the EU. Host availability and climate suitability factors occurring in parts of the EU are favourable for the further establishment of the pathogen. In the areas of its present distribution, including Italy, the pathogen has a direct impact on cultivated hosts. Phytosanitary measures are available to prevent the further introduction and spread of the pathogen into the EU. N. dimidiatum satisfies the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for this species to be regarded as potential Union quarantine pest.

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Fungal canker agents in apple production hubs of Iran

Cited by 21 publications

References 40 publications

Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae causes dieback on Pinus eldarica and its potential for infection of urban forest trees

Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae causes dieback on Pinus eldarica and its potential for infection of urban forest trees

Fungal trunk diseases of fruit trees in Europe: pathogens, spread and future directions

Pest categorisation of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum

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