Fungal community and cellulose-degrading genes in the composting process of Chinese medicinal herbal residues

Tian, Xueping; Yang, Tao; He, Jingzhong; Chu, Qian; Jia, Xiaojun; Huang, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.116

Cited by 111 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In the last decade, studies investigated the fungal communities in compost, confirming that fungi are a significant part of the microbial community, in particular during the maturation phase [ 1 , 8 , 14 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Moreover, some of these studies detected fungal species that are useful during stages of maturation [ 19 , 21 , 24 ] and/or potentially harmful [ 12 , 17 , 20 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermotolerant and Thermophilic Mycobiota in Different Steps of Compost Maturation

et al. 2020

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Composting is a complex process in which various micro-organisms, mainly fungi and bacteria, are involved. The process depends on a large number of factors (biological, chemical, and physical) among which microbial populations play a fundamental role. The high temperatures that occur during the composting process indicate the presence of thermotolerant and thermophilic micro-organisms that are key for the optimization of the process. However, the same micro-organisms can be harmful (allergenic, pathogenic) for workers that handle large quantities of material in the plant, and for end users, for example, in the indoor environment (e.g., pots in houses and offices). Accurate knowledge of thermotolerant and thermophilic organisms present during the composting stages is required to find key organisms to improve the process and estimate potential health risks. The objective of the present work was to study thermotolerant and thermophilic mycobiota at different time points of compost maturation. Fungi were isolated at four temperatures (25, 37, 45, and 50 °C) from compost samples collected at five different steps during a 21-day compost-maturation period in an active composting plant in Liguria (northwestern Italy). The samples were subsequently plated on three different media. Our results showed a high presence of fungi with an order of magnitude ranging from 1 × 104 to 3 × 105 colony-forming units (CFU) g−1. The isolated strains, identified by means of specific molecular tools (ITS, beta-tubulin, calmodulin, elongation factor 1-alpha, and LSU sequencing), belonged to 45 different species. Several thermophilic species belonging to genera Thermoascus and Thermomyces were detected, which could be key during composting. Moreover, the presence of several potentially harmful fungal species, such as Aspergillus fumigatus, A. terreus, and Scedosporium apiospermum, were found during the whole process, including the final product. Results highlighted the importance of surveying the mycobiota involved in the composting process in order to: (i) find solutions to improve efficiency and (ii) reduce health risks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermotolerant and Thermophilic Mycobiota in Different Steps of Compost Maturation

et al. 2020

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“…Factor 3 representing Asp/Pen, Cladosporium and Basidiospore could be explained as cellulose degrading fungus. Previous studies in similar micro-environment indicate these fungus feed on paper, glue, and other cellulosic materials found inside a book [64].…”

Section: Sources Of Fungal Spore In Library Micro-environmentmentioning

confidence: 80%

Fungal bio-aerosol in multiple micro-environments from eastern India: source, distribution, and health hazards

et al. 2020

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Health hazards associated with bio-aerosol is gaining immense importance in recent time. However, studies linking the probable source characterization of bio-aerosol, and their potential effect as respiratory ailments on the local people are extremely rare over the Indian subcontinent as well as in global perspective. To fill our knowledge gap, we have conducted a 3-year study on fungal bio-aerosol characterization, possible source segregation, identification of health hazardous fungal species and their role in causing allergy from seven different micro-environments over a semi-rural site of lower Indo-Gangetic Plain, West Bengal, India. The result showed the highest fungal spore concentration as well as spore diversity in the crop field (4477 ± 1343 spores m −3) and the lowest in the classroom (1994 ± 651 spores m −3). Ascospore, basidiospore, Cladosporium, and Aspergilli group were the primary indoor spores. The marker species for the crop field were Curvularia and Drechslera, whereas Ganoderma was for the factory environment. Source profile of the fungal spore of different micro-environments indicates the domination of outdoor species, whereas enclosed microenvironments have been dominated with spores of indoor origin. Aspergillus, Curvularia, Penicillium, and Rhizopus oryzae showed maximum correlation with the local allergic rhinitis and asthmatic patients. In skin prick test, Aspergillus sp., contributing a maximum percentage of the total culturable fungi, was found to be an expected potent allergic candidate in both non-asthmatic and asthmatic patients, as well. This study will directly help the inhabitants to avoid the hazardous fungal sensitization in different micro-environments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The traditional treatments (i.e., incineration or disposal in landfills) of herbal residues are environmentally unfriendly and expensive (de Elguea-Culebras et al 2016 ; Deka et al 2011 ; Ibrahim et al 2017 ; Tian et al 2017 ; Yohalem and Passey 2011 ). In addition, they are a waste of precious resources (Tian et al 2017 ). In recent years, recycling and resource recovery have emerged as the most promising options for sustainable management of herbal wastes (Singh and Suthar 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of bacterial inoculation on co-composting of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) waste and cattle manure

et al. 2021

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The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of Cellulomonas flavigena and Streptomyces viridosporus, as a bacterial inoculant, on the compostability of post-extraction lavender waste. The major physicochemical, microbiological, and biological properties of the composting materials were monitored for 161 days. The technology developed was shown to improve the compostability of recalcitrant herbal residues. The use of lavender waste beneficially affected the composting process by extending the thermophilic phase, accelerating the degradation of organic matter, and elevating the viable counts of useful microorganisms; however, adverse effects were also observed, including an increased carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (19.05) and a decreased germination index (93.4%). Bacterial inoculation was found to preserve the nitrogen content (2.50%) and improve the efficiency of biodegradation. The Salmonella- and Escherichia coli-free final composting products were mature, stable, and ready for soil application. To the authors’ knowledge, no previous research has investigated the compostability of lavender waste. Likewise, this is the first study that has used strains of C. flavigena and S. viridosporus in combination to facilitate a composting process.

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Fungal community and cellulose-degrading genes in the composting process of Chinese medicinal herbal residues

Cited by 111 publications

References 40 publications

Thermotolerant and Thermophilic Mycobiota in Different Steps of Compost Maturation

Thermotolerant and Thermophilic Mycobiota in Different Steps of Compost Maturation

Fungal bio-aerosol in multiple micro-environments from eastern India: source, distribution, and health hazards

Effect of bacterial inoculation on co-composting of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) waste and cattle manure

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