Fungal Contamination of Public Outdoor Swimming Pools in Awka, Nigeria

Chinelo, Onuorah Samuel Ginika-Osuorji Joy Odibo Frederick and Ojiagu Nnenna

doi:10.21859/ajlsr-05045

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The total fungal colonies from the pool samples containing sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate than that isolated from the two samples without sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate were in the range of 0 -8 x 10 1 cfu/ml and 0 -1.0 x 10 1 cfu/ml respectively. This result is similar to findings by [28] who reported average fungal counts of 0 cfu/ml -8 cfu/ml and 1 cfu/ml -15 cfu/ml. This could be attributed to poor disinfection, lack of treatment, human activities and contaminated pools environment.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…A higher fungal count of 5x10 6 cfu/ml -3x10 7 cfu/ml was reported by [29] for the swimming pools they assessed in Calabar, South-South Nigeria. The difference might be due to medium used, sample size, density of bathers, the sanitary status of the pools environment, the hygienic state of the bathers before using the pools and the source of the pools water [28]. The fungi isolated from the pools in this study where Aspergillus spp., Rhizopus spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Monitoring the Presence of Bacteria, Fungi and Parasitic Pathogens Associated with Swimming Pools in Port Harcourt Metropolis

Onosakponome

Adedokun

Dick³

2020

SAJRM

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Aims: Ideal water for swimming should meet the portable water standard by being transparent, odorless, and tasteless. However, these qualities can be affected by the presence of infectious agents which directly or indirectly contaminate pool water. This study aims at monitoring the microorganisms (bacteria, fungi and protozoa parasites) and pH associated with swimming pool water. Study Design: A random sampling technique was adopted to select the five (5) swimming pools for the study based on accessibility and visitation. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Port Harcourt Local Government Area, Rivers State between March 2016 to August 2017. Methodology: Five (5) outdoor swimming pools attached to hotels in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Port Harcourt Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria were randomly selected for the study. Water samples were aseptically collected in duplicates and analyzed for total heterotrophic bacterial count, total heterotrophic fungal count, protozoa and pH using appropriate techniques. Results: The results show that swimming pools with sodium thiosulphate pentahydrate had a mean THBC range from 4x101 cfu/ml - 1.58x103 cfu/ml, mean THFC, 0 cfu/ml - 8x101 cfu/ml and mean pH, 5.9-6.4; for samples without sodium thiosulphate pentahydrate, the mean THBC ranged from 0 cfu/ml - 9.2x101 cfu/ml, mean THF, 0 cfu/ml - 8x101 cfu/ml and mean pH, 5.6-6-2. Protozoa (parasites) were absent in all water samples analyzed. The results further reveals that 95.9% and 100% of the swimming pools samples failed to the meet the <100 cfu/ml and 7.0 – 7.8 World Health Organisation Standards for THBC and pH respectively. The bacteria identified are Bacillus spp., Escherichia coli, Stapylococcus aureus while the fungi identified are Aspergillus spp., Rhizopus spp. and Penicillium spp. Conclusion: The study finds the levels of THBC in the samples with sodium thiosulphate pentahydrate, the presence of Escherichia coli and the pH range a threat to health of bathers. Therefore, the owners should ensure routine decontamination and assessment of water quality.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Monitoring the Presence of Bacteria, Fungi and Parasitic Pathogens Associated with Swimming Pools in Port Harcourt Metropolis

Onosakponome

Adedokun

Dick³

2020

SAJRM

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Prevalence of tinea capitis among school age children in eastern Sudan

Ahmed¹,

Ahmed²,

Abdelrahma³

et al. 2022

JBMOA

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Background: Tinea capitis is a widespread fungal disease affecting the scalp, hair follicles, and skin underlying them. Ring worm infection is most common in children, particularly in late childhood and adolescence, as well as in immunocompromised individuals. There are no reports on the prevalence of Tinea capitis in children in Port Sudan. Objective: The aim of this study is to explore out how prevalent Tinea capitis is in school-aged children, to identify associated risk factors, to help raise public awareness about the importance of hygiene and treatment, and to mitigate infection spread. Methods: This study included a retrospective descriptive review of dermatology clinic patient reports from May 2016 to March 2018, as well as a direct interview with primary school students in Port Sudan, Red Sea State. To recognize the most susceptible age groups, genders, risk factors, and clinical manifestations. Data was collected based on clinical diagnosis by dermatologists, and children were interviewed based on laboratory diagnosis by authors using KOH of unstained scraping preparations after overnight incubation, and Tinea capitis was confirmed microscopically. Data from documents and questionnaires were manually interred and analyzed, and frequencies were measured and displayed in tables. Results: An overall prevalence of Tinea capitis was (17%) 235/1350 among the entire study population. The study showed that the disease is more in male than female with male: female ratio (4:1), and the most vulnerable age group was (4–8 years), 116/235 (49.4%), the incidence was increased by crowding [46/50,92%] the most affected neighborhoods was El Qadisiyah[62/235 (26.4%)].The commonest clinical feature was the weakness of the hair[40/50,80%]. Conclusion: There has never been a report on Tinea capitis in Port Sudan, and there are no screening services to assess the incidence. According to the findings of present study, Tinea capitis was common (17%) among children attending government-owned state primary schools in Portsudan-Red Sea State. Male gender and residing in Sudan's Red Sea climatic region were reported to be independent risk factors.

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Fungal Contamination of Public Outdoor Swimming Pools in Awka, Nigeria

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

Monitoring the Presence of Bacteria, Fungi and Parasitic Pathogens Associated with Swimming Pools in Port Harcourt Metropolis

Monitoring the Presence of Bacteria, Fungi and Parasitic Pathogens Associated with Swimming Pools in Port Harcourt Metropolis

Prevalence of tinea capitis among school age children in eastern Sudan

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