Fungal Infections in Immunosuppressed Patients

Puebla, Luis Enrique Jerez

doi:10.5772/51512

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Candida dominance in fungal coinfections linked to COVID-19 is related to a variety of factors, COVID-19 is accompanying with xerostomia or a dehydrated mouth Riad, et al [11] , in addition, long term of using mechanical ventilation will lead to xerostomia Therefore, it is not completely out of the question to postulate that may cause changes to the oral flora and an increase in the likelihood of developing opportunistic infections such as candidiasis. It can be seen from the table (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) that the most effective antifungals were (Voriconazole, Itraconazole, AmphotericinB) has the highest percentage of susceptibility against yeast fungi with (92.85, 89.8,88.88 respectively) and Ketoconazole (63.26), while Fluconazole the lowest percentage of susceptibility with (25.51).…”

Section: Candida Spp Frequencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Candida can infect the circulation through damaged skin or mucosal barriers in immunocompromised people. When the circulation has a large number of colonies, the gastrointestinal wall can absorb them [10]. Accumulation of non-painful pustules on the skin with an erythematous base is one of the signs of invasive candidiasis or candidemia in the body, as well as fever with chills, low blood pressure, disorientation and abdominal abscesses and discomfort [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Candida spp. Associated With COVID-19 And Its Susceptibility To Some Antifungals

Alkhuzaie

Jasim²

2022

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

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This study aimed to conduct a survey of the Candida species associated with COVID-19 viral infection in 150 patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital in Al-Diwaniyah City, Iraq, for a five-month period from October 2021 to February 2022. The results indicated the dominance of Candida spp. over the rest of the isolated fungal species, with 97 isolates (64.66%). C. albicans was shown to be the most abundant species with a percentage of 55.67 percent (P 0.05), compared to the other Candida species that were isolated (Candida tropicalis 13.4 percent, Candida glabrata 12 percent, Candida krusie and Candida parapsilosis with 9.28 percent). In addition, we brought attention to the excellent action of the antifungals amphotericin B, itraconazole, and voriconazole, all of which have a high susceptibility rate.

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Section: Candida Spp Frequencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida spp. Associated With COVID-19 And Its Susceptibility To Some Antifungals

Alkhuzaie

Jasim²

2022

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

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“…Also, detection of superficial fungi on skin and skin scrapings, nail tissue, etc. in immunocompromised populations or transplantation candidates may be an early warning sign [ 239 , 240 ]. Routine screening with such quick AI-based models may aid the physician in the early treatment of such skin infections that would otherwise easily find their way to deeper layers (due to a weakened immune system), eventually becoming an IFI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of invasive fungal infections: challenges and recent developments

Fang¹,

Junqi

Cheng

et al. 2023

J Biomed Sci

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Background The global burden of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) has shown an upsurge in recent years due to the higher load of immunocompromised patients suffering from various diseases. The role of early and accurate diagnosis in the aggressive containment of the fungal infection at the initial stages becomes crucial thus, preventing the development of a life-threatening situation. With the changing demands of clinical mycology, the field of fungal diagnostics has evolved and come a long way from traditional methods of microscopy and culturing to more advanced non-culture-based tools. With the advent of more powerful approaches such as novel PCR assays, T2 Candida, microfluidic chip technology, next generation sequencing, new generation biosensors, nanotechnology-based tools, artificial intelligence-based models, the face of fungal diagnostics is constantly changing for the better. All these advances have been reviewed here giving the latest update to our readers in the most orderly flow. Main text A detailed literature survey was conducted by the team followed by data collection, pertinent data extraction, in-depth analysis, and composing the various sub-sections and the final review. The review is unique in its kind as it discusses the advances in molecular methods; advances in serology-based methods; advances in biosensor technology; and advances in machine learning-based models, all under one roof. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no review covering all of these fields (especially biosensor technology and machine learning using artificial intelligence) with relevance to invasive fungal infections. Conclusion The review will undoubtedly assist in updating the scientific community’s understanding of the most recent advancements that are on the horizon and that may be implemented as adjuncts to the traditional diagnostic algorithms.

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“… 1 Additionally, various factors such as viral pan- and endemics (HIV, SARS-CoV-2), an ageing society, increasing numbers of surgical procedures have increased the number of immunocompromised patients, who are prone to opportunistic infections. 2 As in the case of bacterial sepsis, there is also in mycoses an urgent need for faster and more sensitive diagnostics in order to start appropriate antimycosis treatment as soon as possible and to significantly increase the patient’s chances of recovery. Especially in the case of candidiasis, the rather long-time spans until positive detection vary greatly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Removal of Candida albicans Using Salivary Peptide-Functionalized SPIONs

Friedrich¹,

Tietze²,

Dümig³

et al. 2023

IJN

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Purpose Magnetic separation of microbes can be an effective tool for pathogen identification and diagnostic applications to reduce the time needed for sample preparation. After peptide functionalization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with an appropriate interface, they can be used for the separation of sepsis-associated yeasts like Candida albicans . Due to their magnetic properties, the magnetic extraction of the particles in the presence of an external magnetic field ensures the accumulation of the targeted yeast. Materials and Methods In this study, we used SPIONs coated with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and functionalized with a peptide originating from GP340 (SPION-APTES-Pep). For the first time, we investigate whether this system is suitable for the separation and enrichment of Candida albicans , we investigated its physicochemical properties and by thermogravimetric analysis we determined the amount of peptide on the SPIONs. Further, the toxicological profile was evaluated by recording cell cycle and DNA degradation. The separation efficiency was investigated using Candida albicans in different experimental settings, and regrowth experiments were carried out to show the use of SPION-APTES-Pep as a sample preparation method for the identification of fungal infections. Conclusion SPION-APTES-Pep can magnetically remove more than 80% of the microorganism and with a high selective host-pathogen distinction Candida albicans from water-based media and about 55% in blood after 8 minutes processing without compromising effects on the cell cycle of human blood cells. Moreover, the separated fungal cells could be regrown without any restrictions.

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Fungal Infections in Immunosuppressed Patients

Cited by 20 publications

References 79 publications

Candida spp. Associated With COVID-19 And Its Susceptibility To Some Antifungals

Candida spp. Associated With COVID-19 And Its Susceptibility To Some Antifungals

Diagnosis of invasive fungal infections: challenges and recent developments

Magnetic Removal of Candida albicans Using Salivary Peptide-Functionalized SPIONs

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