Fungal infections of ear with special reference to chronic suppurative otitis media

Talwar, P; Chakrabarti, Arunaloke; Kaur, Poonamjit; Pahwa, R. K.; Mittal, Ashok; Mehra, Y. N.

doi:10.1007/bf00437923

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The study reveals that otomycosis was more common among adolescent and middle aged individuals. The age incidence is in accordance with studies of Mohanty and associates [5] -more prevalent in 2 nd and 3 rd decade of life, Khurana and associates[3] -3 rd and 4 th decade, Chander J and others-21 -30 yrs [6], Talwar and others-20-27 yrs [7].…”

Section: Age Distributionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Study of Etiological factors, mycological profile and treatment of Otomycosis

2014

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Introduction: Otomycosis is a common condition encountered in ENT practice. Though it is not a serious condition it causes a lot of misery to the patient. Though there are many studies on various aspects about this disease, there are not many studies from this part of the country. Materials and Methods: 75 patients attending ENT OPD and diagnosed to have otomycosis were included in the study. Two aural swabs or whenever possible otomycotic debris scooped out using Jobson-Horne probe was obtained. From one swab, wet mount preparation in 10% KOH (potassium hydroxide) solution and smear for Grams stain were prepared. The second swab / otomycotic debris was directly inoculated into SDA (sabourad's dextrose agar) medium. Results: Mycological analysis of the swab from external auditory canal has shown that Aspergillus species was the most common fungus isolated followed by Candida species. All patients were treated with regular suction clearance and 1% clotrimazole ear drops. Conclusion: Simple measures like avoiding usage of ear buds/ unsterile material will help in prevention of otomycosis. 1% clotrimazole is effective in achieving complete mycological cure in otomycosis. Regular long term follow-up is required to effectively treat otomycosis.

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Section: Age Distributionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Study of Etiological factors, mycological profile and treatment of Otomycosis

2014

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“…had been found in soil (147). The ability of Syncephalastrum species to cause ear infections and mycotic keratitis and isolation of these organisms in wound culture are not clear, as reports have not provided details about such cases (238,324,345). Also, researchers identified a cluster of eight patients with clinical specimens yielding Syncephalastrum isolates after natural disasters (272).…”

Section: Syncephalastrum Racemosummentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucormycosis Caused by Unusual Mucormycetes, Non-Rhizopus, -Mucor, and -Lichtheimia Species

2011

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SUMMARY Rhizopus , Mucor , and Lichtheimia (formerly Absidia ) species are the most common members of the order Mucorales that cause mucormycosis, accounting for 70 to 80% of all cases. In contrast, Cunninghamella , Apophysomyces , Saksenaea , Rhizomucor , Cokeromyces , Actinomucor , and Syncephalastrum species individually are responsible for fewer than 1 to 5% of reported cases of mucormycosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis of, treatment of, and prognosis for unusual Mucormycetes infections (non- Rhizopus , - Mucor , and - Lichtheimia species). The infections caused by these less frequent members of the order Mucorales frequently differ in their epidemiology, geographic distribution, and disease manifestations. Cunninghamella bertholletiae and Rhizomucor pusillus affect primarily immunocompromised hosts, mostly resulting from spore inhalation, causing pulmonary and disseminated infections with high mortality rates. R. pusillus infections are nosocomial or health care related in a large proportion of cases. While Apophysomyces elegans and Saksenaea vasiformis are occasionally responsible for infections in immunocompromised individuals, most cases are encountered in immunocompetent individuals as a result of trauma, leading to soft tissue infections with relatively low mortality rates. Increased knowledge of the epidemiology and clinical presentations of these unusual Mucormycetes infections may improve early diagnosis and treatment.

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“…Fungal infections among patients with SOM account for 2.1–25 % of cases [12–14] and Aspergillus spp . are the commonest cause accounting for 92.1 % of cases [12, 18]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspergillus fumigatus carrying TR34/L98H resistance allele causing complicated suppurative otitis media in Tanzania: Call for improved diagnosis of fungi in sub-Saharan Africa

et al. 2016

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Background: Suppurative otitis media (SOM) is a major public health concern worldwide and is associated with increased morbidity. Cases of fungal suppurative otitis media were studied to establish the effect of fungi in otitis media. Methods: Ear swabs from 410 patients were collected aseptically using sterile cotton swabs from discharging ear through perforated tympanic membrane. Swabs were subjected to microscopic and culture investigations. The species of fungal growing on Sabouraud's agar were identified using MALDI-TOF MS. For moulds broth micro dilution method following EUCAST guidelines was employed to determine susceptibility patterns against itraconazole, voriconazole and posaconazole. Results: A total of 44 (10.74 %) cases with positive fungal culture growth were studied. The median age of patients with fungal infection was 29.5 (IQR 16-43) years. Of 44 patients; 35 (79.6 %) had pure growth of one type of fungal. Candida albicans was the most common fungus isolated (n = 13; 29.6 %) followed by Aspergillus versicolor (n = 8; 18.2 %). A total of 7 (15.9 %) patients had disease complication at time of enrollment; of them 6 (13.6 %) had hearing loss. On follow up 7 (15.9 %) had poor treatment outcome. All five Aspergillus fumigatus strains resistant itraconazole with reduced susceptibility to voriconazole and posaconazole carried carrying TR34/L98H resistance allele. In addition, all Penicillium citrinum isolates were resistant to voriconazole while all Penicillium sumatrense were resistant to both itraconazole and voriconazole. There were non-significant association of poor treatment outcome and female gender, being HIV positive and being infected with moulds. Conclusion: Fungal infections play a significant role in SOM pathology in our setting. Diagnosis of fungal infections in developing countries should be improved so that appropriate management can be initiated on time to prevent associated complications.

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Fungal infections of ear with special reference to chronic suppurative otitis media

Cited by 23 publications

References 1 publication

Study of Etiological factors, mycological profile and treatment of Otomycosis

Study of Etiological factors, mycological profile and treatment of Otomycosis

Mucormycosis Caused by Unusual Mucormycetes, Non-Rhizopus, -Mucor, and -Lichtheimia Species

Aspergillus fumigatus carrying TR34/L98H resistance allele causing complicated suppurative otitis media in Tanzania: Call for improved diagnosis of fungi in sub-Saharan Africa

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