Fungal laccases: versatile green catalyst for bioremediation of organopollutants

Patel, Ajit; Patel, Vanita; Patel, Ranjan G.; Trivedi, Ujjval; Patel, K. C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819860-5.00004-3

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 233 publications

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“…Generally, laccase is found in plants, bacteria, insects, and fungi and plays different roles in different organisms [ 54 ]. In fungi, laccase is associated with morphogenesis [ 55 ] and plant pathogenesis [ 54 , 56 ]. Laccase genes have also been shown to have complex functions in Setosphaeria turcica , an important causal agent of northern corn leaf blight [ 57 , 58 , 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification, Characterization, and Control of Black Spot on Chinese Kale Caused by Sphaerobolus cuprophilus sp. nov.

Kalayanamitra

Nontajak³

et al. 2023

Plants

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Chinese kale (Brassica alboglabra) is commonly grown and consumed throughout Asia and is often treated with chemicals to control pests and diseases. In Thailand, public standards, Good Agricultural Practice (GAP), and International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movement (IFOAM) programs were introduced for the cultivation of Chinese kale with minimum input of chemical treatments. Black spot caused by the fungus Sphaerobolus has been affecting the plants grown under IFOAM standards in Chiang Mai, Thailand, for several years. Strongly adhering glebal spore masses of the fungus on leaf and stem surfaces have adversely affected postharvest management, especially in the quality classification of the product. Both morphological and phylogenetic (combined ITS, mtSSU, and EF 1-α dataset) studies confirmed a novel species, S. cuprophilus. Pathogenicity tests involving inoculation of Chinese kale by non-wound and mulch inoculation bioassays resulted in the production of symptoms of black spot and the re-isolation of S. cuprophilus, indicating that the new fungal species is the causal agent of black spots. Inhibitory effects of antagonistic bacteria and chemical fungicides, both allowed for use in plant cultivation under either IFOAM or GAP standards, indicated that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains (PBT2 and YMB7), chlorothalonil (20 and 500 ppm) and thiophanate-methyl (500 and 1500 ppm) were the most effective in controlling the growth of the causal fungus by 83 to 93%. However, copper oxychloride (5 to 20 ppm), a recommended chemical in control of downy mildew of Chinese kale, showed hormetic effects on S. cuprophilus by promoting the growth and sporulation of the fungus. The findings of this study provide vital information regarding the association of S. cuprophilus and Chinese kale and will support decisions to manage fungal diseases of this vegetable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification, Characterization, and Control of Black Spot on Chinese Kale Caused by Sphaerobolus cuprophilus sp. nov.

Kalayanamitra

Nontajak³

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…The results reveal that three laccases were upregulated, of which two were significantly upregulated ( p < 0.05, Table 1 ), i.e., the expression levels of GME40562_g (laccase-1) and GME8664_g (laccase) increased by 12.58- and 7.53-fold, respectively. Laccases produced in variable quantities by basidiomycete and saprophytic fungi are the most important components of the ligninolytic complex and have been commercially used for the delignification of woody materials [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. After treating the seeds of Anacamptis morio (Orchidaceae) with laccase, Pierce et al observed an increase in lignin degradation and water uptake, which in turn significantly promoted the germination of the seeds [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Reveals Roles of Lignin-Modifying Enzymes and Abscisic Acid in the Symbiosis of Mycena and Gastrodia elata

Ren

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Gastrodia elata is a well-known medicinal and heterotrophic orchid. Its germination, limited by the impermeability of seed coat lignin and inhibition by abscisic acid (ABA), is triggered by symbiosis with fungi such as Mycena spp. However, the molecular mechanisms of lignin degradation by Mycena and ABA biosynthesis and signaling in G. elata remain unclear. In order to gain insights into these two processes, this study analyzed the transcriptomes of these organisms during their dynamic symbiosis. Among the 25 lignin-modifying enzyme genes in Mycena, two ligninolytic class II peroxidases and two laccases were significantly upregulated, most likely enabling Mycena hyphae to break through the lignin seed coats of G. elata. Genes related to reduced virulence and loss of pathogenicity in Mycena accounted for more than half of annotated genes, presumably contributing to symbiosis. After coculture, upregulated genes outnumbered downregulated genes in G. elata seeds, suggesting slightly increased biological activity, while Mycena hyphae had fewer upregulated than downregulated genes, indicating decreased biological activity. ABA biosynthesis in G. elata was reduced by the downregulated expression of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED-2), and ABA signaling was blocked by the downregulated expression of a receptor protein (PYL12-like). This is the first report to describe the role of NCED-2 and PYL12-like in breaking G. elata seed dormancy by reducing the synthesis and blocking the signaling of the germination inhibitor ABA. This study provides a theoretical basis for screening germination fungi to identify effective symbionts and for reducing ABA inhibition of G. elata seed germination.

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“…In the food industry, laccase has been used, among others, for stabilizing wine, clarifying fruit juices and baking or producing pectin from sugar beets [31,32,44,96,[105][106][107][108]. Laccase used in the clarification of fruit juices oxidizes most of the phenols in the juice, minimizing turbidity and increasing its stability [109][110][111][112].…”

Section: Applications Of Laccasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An important feature of synthetic dyes used by the industry is their high resistance to external physical and chemical factors, such as solar radiation, large temperature changes or the presence of detergents and disinfectants in washing agents. This is also related to their poor biodegradability in the environment [106,192,194].…”

Section: Synthetic Dyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Characteristics of Laccases and their Practical Application in the Removal of Xenobiotics from Waters

Gałązka¹,

Jankiewicz²,

Szczepkowski³

2023

Preprint

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Industrialization, intensive farming, rapid population growth and urbanization are the source of a large number of pollutants entering the environment. The current concentration of xenobiotics released into the environment exceeds its natural ability to decompose them. Enzymatic degradation of pollutants seems to be an environmentally friendly process. Due to the wide spectrum of substrate specificity, from inorganic compounds to high molecular weight organic compounds such as PAH or dyes, as well as favorable biochemical properties, laccase has been used in the biological removal of xenobiotics from the environment. It is important to understand the degradation mechanisms of pollutants and to evaluate the final products in terms of their toxicity. The laccase oxidizes the substrates with the simultaneous reduction of molecular oxygen to water, which is the purest reaction co-substrate. That is why it is called a green biocatalyst. The trend is an increase in the production of enzymes related to the intensive development of industry, bioremediation or synthetic chemistry. This leads to the search for laccases with greater activity and stability under extreme conditions. The potential of laccases to degrade xenobiotics can be promoted by improving enzymatic catalytic characterization using protein engineering and other genetic engineering methods.

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Fungal laccases: versatile green catalyst for bioremediation of organopollutants

Cited by 12 publications

References 233 publications

Identification, Characterization, and Control of Black Spot on Chinese Kale Caused by Sphaerobolus cuprophilus sp. nov.

Identification, Characterization, and Control of Black Spot on Chinese Kale Caused by Sphaerobolus cuprophilus sp. nov.

Transcriptome Reveals Roles of Lignin-Modifying Enzymes and Abscisic Acid in the Symbiosis of Mycena and Gastrodia elata

Biochemical Characteristics of Laccases and their Practical Application in the Removal of Xenobiotics from Waters

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