Fungal Pathogens Associated with Crown and Root Rot of Wheat in Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Kazakhstan

Bozoğlu, Tuğba; İmren, Mustafa; Amer, Mohammed; Özdemir, Fatih; Paulitz, Timothy C.; Morgounov, Alexey; Dababat, Abdelfattah A.; Özer, Göksel

doi:10.3390/jof8050417

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Although the frequency of F. acuminatum isolation was only 21.57%, it was found in 70.00% of the surveyed fields. These high B. sorokiniana and F. acuminatum ratios are comparable to those found in Colorado and Wyoming [ 52 ], Mississippi [ 53 ], Montana [ 14 ], western Canada [ 54 ], northern China [ 10 ], North Dakota [ 55 ], and Kazakhstan [ 21 ]. Similarly, F. culmorum was identified in 46.67% of the investigated fields, with an 11.04% isolation frequency.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Multiple fungal species typically coexist and may cooperate in either a synergistic or competitive manner, influencing their progression and disease-causing abilities. In the largest wheat-producing countries of global significance, field assessments of the crown and root rot pathogens on wheat are regularly reported [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Various fungal species, including Bipolaris sorokiniana , many Fusarium species, Microdochium spp., Rhizoctonia spp., and Curvularia spp., exist in mixed populations in wheat according to these studies, but the prevalence and virulence of each species vary across various countries and geographical regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various fungal species, including Bipolaris sorokiniana , many Fusarium species, Microdochium spp., Rhizoctonia spp., and Curvularia spp., exist in mixed populations in wheat according to these studies, but the prevalence and virulence of each species vary across various countries and geographical regions. Common root rot—caused by B. sorokiniana —and Fusarium crown rot—caused by numerous Fusarium species, primarily Fusarium pseudograminearum , Fusarium culmorum , and Fusarium graminearum —are the most prevalent and significant diseases worldwide [ 11 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. In China, the world’s largest producer of wheat, B. sorokiniana is listed as the major cause of root and crown rot in wheat [ 11 ], and it is also acknowledged as one of the most destructive infections of wheat globally [ 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In China, the world’s largest producer of wheat, B. sorokiniana is listed as the major cause of root and crown rot in wheat [ 11 ], and it is also acknowledged as one of the most destructive infections of wheat globally [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Similarly, the most prevalent species associated with this disease in Australia [ 28 ], North America [ 12 , 22 ], Turkey [ 19 ], Azerbaijan [ 13 ], and Kazakhstan [ 21 ] appear to be F. pseudograminearum and F. culmorum, which cause the greatest disease severity and reduce grain yield. Discrepancies among the geographical populations of these fungi could be attributed to differences in agroecological zones, farming and management practices, and seasonal environmental conditions in the sampling locations [ 10 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fungal Pathogens Associated with Crown and Root Rot in Wheat-Growing Areas of Northern Kyrgyzstan

Özer

Erper

Yıldız

et al. 2023

JoF

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Fungal species associated with crown and root rot diseases in wheat have been extensively studied in many parts of the world. However, no reports on the relative importance and distribution of pathogens associated with wheat crown and root rot in Kyrgyzstan have been published. Hence, fungal species associated with wheat crown/root rot were surveyed in three main wheat production regions in northern Kyrgyzstan. Fungal species were isolated on 1/5 strength potato-dextrose agar amended with streptomycin (0.1 g/L) and chloramphenicol (0.05 g/L). A total of 598 fungal isolates from symptomatic tissues were identified using morphological features of the cultures and conidia, as well as sequence analysis of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the translation elongation factor 1α (TEF1), and the RNA polymerase II beta subunit (RPB2) genes. The percentage of fields from which each fungus was isolated and their relative percentage isolation levels were determined. Bipolaris sorokiniana, the causal agent of common root rot, was the most prevalent pathogenic species isolated, being isolated from 86.67% of the fields surveyed at a frequency of isolation of 40.64%. Fusarium spp. accounted for 53.01% of all isolates and consisted of 12 different species. The most common Fusarium species identified was Fusarium acuminatum, which was isolated from 70% of the sites surveyed with an isolation frequency of 21.57%, followed by Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium nygamai, Fusarium oxysporum, and Fusarium equiseti, all of which had a field incidence of more than 23%. Inoculation tests with 44 isolates representing 17 species on the susceptible Triticum aestivum cv. Seri 82 revealed that Fusarium pseudograminearum and F. culmorum isolates were equally the most virulent pathogens. The widespread distribution of moderately virulent B. sorokiniana appears to be a serious threat to wheat culture, limiting yield and quality. With the exception of F. culmorum, the remaining Fusarium species did not pose a significant threat to wheat production in the surveyed areas because common species, such as F. acuminatum, F. nygamai, F. oxysporum, and F. equiseti, were non-pathogenic but infrequent species, such as Fusarium redolens, Fusarium algeriense, and F. pseudograminearum, were highly or moderately virulent. Curvularia inaequalis, which was found in three different fields, was mildly virulent. The remaining Fusarium species, Fusarium solani, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium burgessii, and Fusarium tricinctum, as well as Microdochium bolleyi, Microdochium nivale, and Macrophomina phaseolina, were non-pathogenic and considered to be secondary colonizers. The implications of these findings are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fungal Pathogens Associated with Crown and Root Rot in Wheat-Growing Areas of Northern Kyrgyzstan

Özer

Erper

Yıldız

et al. 2023

JoF

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“…Curvularia has also been shown to help reduce salt stress in plants ( Pan et al, 2018 ), possibly due to the capacity of these fungi to produce osmoprotectants ( Bengyella et al, 2019 ). However, it is important to note that some Curvularia species have also been reported to cause diseases in crops like wheat ( Sultana et al, 2019 ; Bozoğlu et al, 2022 ; Tan et al, 2022 ), consequently, more focused studies on the composition and role of individual species of Curvularia within these soils are recommended. At the same time, identifying ways to promote beneficial populations of Curvularia and Gemmatimonas also could be helpful.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and functional traits of indigenous soil microbial flora associated with salinity and heavy metal concentrations in agricultural fields within the Indus Basin region, Pakistan

et al. 2022

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Soil salinization and heavy metal (HM) contamination are major challenges facing agricultural systems worldwide. Determining how soil microbial communities respond to these stress factors and identifying individual phylotypes with potential to tolerate these conditions while promoting plant growth could help prevent negative impacts on crop productivity. This study used amplicon sequencing and several bioinformatic programs to characterize differences in the composition and potential functional capabilities of soil bacterial, fungal, and archaeal communities in five agricultural fields that varied in salinity and HM concentrations within the Indus basin region of Pakistan. The composition of bacteria with the potential to fix atmospheric nitrogen (N) and produce the enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase were also determined. Microbial communities were dominated by: Euryarchaeota (archaea), Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Planctomycetota, Firimicutes, Patescibacteria and Acidobacteria (bacteria), and Ascomycota (fungi), and all soils contained phylotypes capable of N-fixation and ACC-deaminase production. Salinity influenced bacterial, but not archaeal or fungal communities. Both salinity and HM altered the relative abundance of many phylotypes that could potentially promote or harm plant growth. These stress factors also appeared to influence the potential functional capabilities of the microbial communities, especially in their capacity to cycle phosphorous, produce siderophores, and act as symbiotrophs or pathotrophs. Results of this study confirm that farms in this region are at risk due to salinization and excessive levels of some toxic heavy metals, which could negatively impact crop and human health. Changes in soil microbial communities and their potential functional capabilities are also likely to affect several critical agroecosystem services related to nutrient cycling, pathogen suppression, and plant stress tolerance. Many potentially beneficial phylotypes were identified that appear to be salt and HM tolerant and could possibly be exploited to promote these services within this agroecosystem. Future efforts to isolate these phylotypes and determine whether they can indeed promote plant growth and/or carry out other important soil processes are recommended. At the same time, identifying ways to promote the abundance of these unique phylotypes either through modifying soil and crop management practices, or developing and applying them as inoculants, would be helpful for improving crop productivity in this region.

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Development of ISSR-Derived SCAR marker for detection of Fusarium oxysporum responsible for corm rot of saffron

Gupta,

Jamwal,

Verma

et al. 2024

Australasian Plant Pathol.

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Fungal Pathogens Associated with Crown and Root Rot of Wheat in Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Kazakhstan

Cited by 18 publications

References 79 publications

Fungal Pathogens Associated with Crown and Root Rot in Wheat-Growing Areas of Northern Kyrgyzstan

Fungal Pathogens Associated with Crown and Root Rot in Wheat-Growing Areas of Northern Kyrgyzstan

Diversity and functional traits of indigenous soil microbial flora associated with salinity and heavy metal concentrations in agricultural fields within the Indus Basin region, Pakistan

Development of ISSR-Derived SCAR marker for detection of Fusarium oxysporum responsible for corm rot of saffron

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