Fungal Prevalence on Waste Industry – Literature Review

Dias, Marta; Viegas, Carla

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809633-8.21053-4

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Therefore, it is important to ponder the use of other active sampling methods and passive methods to complement the impaction method. As previously reported, some studies (21 out of 56) combined both sampling methods improving the accuracy of the assessment (Viegas et al, 2016;Dias and Viegas, 2020). Regarding assays used characterize fungal contamination the exclusive use of morphological identification was the most frequent approach (40 out of 56).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…As this method relies solely on culture-based the aim of their use should be to assess viability of microorganisms and their inflammatory and/or cytotoxic potential (Croston et al, 2016). Indeed, only with information regarding viable part of the fungal contamination it is possible to characterize the inflammatory capacity that varies depending on the microbial composition of the bioaerosol (Timm et al, 2009;Dias and Viegas, 2020). Nonetheless, it is important to point out that this sampling process has certain drawbacks, as it only evaluates species that are cultivable, underestimating the total number of microorganisms in samples at non-culturable state, but which can still cause illness (Cox et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in immunocompromised patients has been identified, as well as an increase in antifungal resistance, both in clinical and in the environment (Fairlamb et al, 2016;Nature microbiology, 2017;Viegas et al, 2020c). Among Aspergillus sections the most reported were Nigri, Fumigati and Flavi and all present toxigenic potential (Varga et al, 2015;Viegas et al, 2018bViegas et al, , 2020b which represents an increased occupational risk, since due to their presence exposure to mycotoxins should be also considered (Lamoth, 2016;Dias and Viegas, 2020). Therefore, it is crucial to standardize a broader and more rigorous assessment of Aspergillus contamination to ensure an accurate exposure assessment and an effective surveillance of the Aspergillus occupational health threat (Viegas et al, 2020a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fungal contamination assessment in healthcare environments—A bibliographic review

Pimenta

Gomes

Dias

et al. 2022

Viruses, Bacteria and Fungi in the Built Environment

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In Healthcare environments fungal presence depend on the medical activities performed, number and types of patients, cleaning frequency and procedures and the type of ventilation systems. The aim of this review article was to identify different methodologies applied to assess fungal contamination in Healthcare environments, as well as to describe the most reported fungi in these environments. This study was based on a systematic search for information and data that have been published in free access sources during the period of 1 st January 2000 to 31 st December 2020. PRISMA methodology was applied to identify and select studies referring to Healthcare environments where the fungal assessment was performed. The most common Healthcare environments assessed were hospitals (26 out of 56) and the most used sampling methods were active (27 articles). Passive methods were exclusively used in 8 papers, and the combined use of both methods was verified in 21 papers. Concerning analytical procedures, the exclusive use of morphological identification was the most frequent approach (40 out of 56). Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp. and Penicillium sp. were the predominant genera found indoors (24 out of 56). There is scientific evidence of fungal contamination present in Healthcare environments. Thus, in order to have an accurate and reliable risk characterization, the combined use of active and passive sampling methods and the use of culture based-methods and molecular tools are of upmost importance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fungal contamination assessment in healthcare environments—A bibliographic review

Pimenta

Gomes

Dias

et al. 2022

Viruses, Bacteria and Fungi in the Built Environment

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“…This sampling approach relies solely on culture-based methods, which can have advantages and disadvantages. The inflammatory and/or cytotoxic potential can affect the microorganism viability [56,57] which makes this method beneficial since it allows us to rely on the microbial composition to draw conclusions regarding the inflammatory potential variation [57,58]. In impaction sampling devices, a specific flow rate (depending on the type of environment) is defined to collect particles [59] by using its inertia to drive deposition on a collection media by promoting particle separation through an air stream [60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Molecular tools are well known for their features of precision, high analytical sensitivity of detection, speed, and the ability to detect and identify dead or dormant microorganisms, as well as toxigenic strains from microorganisms [58,74,[80][81][82]. However, culture-based methods should be used every time that the exposure route is mainly happening by inhalation, due to the reasons addressed before [56,57]. Thus, culture-based methods and molecular tools should be used side by side as it was seen in a few studies (4 out of 23) of this review.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Occupational Exposure Assessments in Sawmills—A Review

et al. 2022

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The composition of airborne microflora in sawmills may vary to a great degree depending on the kind of timber being processed and the technology of production being used. Cases of allergy alveolitis and asthma have been reported in woodworkers who were exposed to wood dust largely infected with microorganisms. The aim of this review article is to identify studies where the microbial occupational exposure assessment was performed in sawmills and the characteristics of the contamination found, as well as to identify which sampling methods and assays were applied. This study reports the search of available data published regarding microbial occupational exposure assessment in environmental samples from sawmills, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) methodology. The most used sampling method was air sampling, impaction being the most common method. Regarding analytical procedures for microbial characterization, morphological identification of fungi and bacteria was the most frequent approach. Screening for fungal susceptibility to azoles was performed in two studies and four studies applied molecular tools. Regarding microbial contamination, high fungal levels were frequent, as well as high bacteria levels. Fungal identification evidenced Penicillium as the most frequent genera followed by Aspergillus sp. Mycotoxins were not assessed in any of the analyzed studies. Microbial occupational exposure assessment in sawmills is crucial to allow this risk characterization and management.

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