Fungi associated with maize seed discolouration and abnormalities in south western Nigeria

Owolade, B. F.; Fawole, B.; Osikanlu, Y. O. K.

doi:10.4314/acsj.v9i4.27591

Cited by 9 publications

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“…According to Punithalingam (1980), Botryosphaeria ribis, Botryosphaeria parva and Botryosphaeria dothidea have been isolated from temperate regions, whereas Botryosphaeria rhodina (anamorph: L. theobromae) has been isolated from tropical regions. In addition to being a pathogen of woody plants, L. theobromae is recognised as an important seed-borne pathogen (Owolade et al, 2009;Sultana and Ghaffar, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological, Pathogenic and Molecular Characterization of Lasiodiplodia theobromae: A Causal Pathogen of Black Rot Disease on Kenaf Seeds in Malaysia

Norhayati¹,

Erneeza²,

Sijam³

2015

IJAB

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To cite this paper: Norhayati, M., M.H. Erneeza and S. Kamaruzaman, 2016 Seed-borne disease affects and actively attacks seeds and may be harmful. Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a seed-borne fungal pathogen that infects a variety of crop seeds. Studies on the isolation of seed-borne fungi on kenaf seed have revealed that L. theobromae causes black rot disease on kenaf seeds. L. theobromae was successfully isolated from kenaf seeds on an agar plate and a blotter. L. theobromae was isolated frequently from infected seeds and identified based on its cultural and morphological characteristics. The fungus sequence was analysed using molecular technique (ITSrDNA amplification). A pathogenicity test was used to confirm that L. theobromae caused blackening of the seeds and reduced the germination against a control treatment in potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. To our knowledge, this study is the first to confirm that L. theobromae is the causal agent of black rot on kenaf seed in Malaysia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have noted that Botryosphaeria spp. were seed-borne pathogens and caused losses in seed germination (Sultana and Ghaffar, 2009;Owolade et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological, Pathogenic and Molecular Characterization of Lasiodiplodia theobromae: A Causal Pathogen of Black Rot Disease on Kenaf Seeds in Malaysia

Norhayati¹,

Erneeza²,

Sijam³

2015

IJAB

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“…They account for 75% of pathogens found in seeds [9] and they could cause about 50-80% damage on maize during the storage periods if conditions are favourable for their development. However, the quality of maize seeds, amongst other seeds cannot be over-emphasized [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Association Levels between Fertilizer (300 kg/Ha NPK) Application and Fungal Incidence and Viability of Stored Maize Seeds

Aa¹

2012

J Plant Pathol Microb

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The effect of application of 300 kg/ha NPK fertilizer on viability of maize (Zea mays) seeds and incidence of fungi in maize seeds was examined. Fertilizer application was done 2 weeks after planting. Control experiment had no fertilizer application. Maize cobs were harvested 11 weeks after fertilizer application and brought into the laboratory. Plating of seeds and incubation was done for five days and repeated for four weeks. Petri plates were later scored for viability and fungal incidence. Data obtained were subjected to ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) using Generalized Linear Model (SAS). Isolated fungi included F. verticillioides, Fusarium species, A. flavus, and A. niger. For viability, F values for model (P>0.0004) and week (P>0.0001), were highly significant. Viability of treated maize seeds increased significantly at higher weeks of storage (p=0.01) but not significantly different from control (p=0.05). Incidence of all isolated fungi in treated seeds increased significantly at higher weeks of storage. Incidence of Fusarium species (p=0.01), and A. flavus (p=0.05) in treated seeds were significantly lower than in control. For all isolated fungi, F values for week (P>0.0001), fungus (P>0.0001), treatment (P>0.0003), interaction between treatment and fungus (P>0.0001), and interaction between week and fungus (P>0.0001) were highly significant. Fusarium spp. including F. verticillioides and A. flavus (p=0.01) were prevalent in the stored seeds. Farmers need to pay continuous attention to appropriate measures of NPK fertilizer application, for yield improvement and reduction in fungal incidence. They may be advised to use seeds stored under appropriate conditions for appropriate length of time for planting.

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“…A wide range of mycotoxins are found in seeds infected by fungi (Nanaiah et al, 1986;Tanaka et al, 1990) and these have harmful effects on man and animals that consume such seeds (Williams and Blaney, 1994). The type and severity of seed abnormality may be dependent on the type and pathogenic potential of the associated fungi as well as the prevailing weather conditions (Owolade et al, 2001). Although the range of fungi associated with wheat seed abnormalities have been reported (Prescott et al, 1986;Wiese et al, 1987;Vashney, 1990), there is the need to identify and determine the effects of fungi associated with the abnormality of wheat seeds produced in areas other than the traditional growing areas, as it is with rain-fed wheat cultivation in South-Western Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed abnormalities and associated mycoflora of rain-fed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in South Western Nigeria

Enikuomehin¹

2005

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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The health of wheat seeds produced under rain-fed conditions in South Western Nigeria was investigated. There were more abnormal (1.0-79.7%) than normal (10.7-28.7%) seeds. Forms of seed abnormality observed include wrinkled seeds (64.2-79.7%), entirely discoloured seeds (1.0-12.5%), seeds with discoloured embryo (germ) (1.2-1.5%) and brush (0.25-1.25%) ends. Fusarium graminearum and Helminthosporium sativum were associated with all seeds, but at higher levels in abnormal (F. graminearum, 0.5-78.5%; H. sativum, 2.5-86.0%) than normal seeds (F. graminearum, 2.25%; H. sativum, 0.75%). Viability of abnormal seeds was 1.50-32.0% which is much lower than the 88.0% germination of normal seeds.

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Fungi associated with maize seed discolouration and abnormalities in south western Nigeria

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Morphological, Pathogenic and Molecular Characterization of Lasiodiplodia theobromae: A Causal Pathogen of Black Rot Disease on Kenaf Seeds in Malaysia

Morphological, Pathogenic and Molecular Characterization of Lasiodiplodia theobromae: A Causal Pathogen of Black Rot Disease on Kenaf Seeds in Malaysia

Possible Association Levels between Fertilizer (300 kg/Ha NPK) Application and Fungal Incidence and Viability of Stored Maize Seeds

Seed abnormalities and associated mycoflora of rain-fed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in South Western Nigeria

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