Fungi associated with Paspalum guenoarum seeds: their impact on physiology and control

Abstract

Of the natural pastures grown in southern Brazil, those of the genus Paspalum are the most important. One of the factors that hinder their cultivation is the availability of quality seeds, that are often compromised by the presence of fungi. This study determined the in vitro sensitivity of Paspalum guenoarum ecotype azulão seed-associated fungus to certain fungicides and to measure the efficiency of chemical treatments for fungal control and seed physiological performance. Bipolaris micropus, Epicoccum sorghinum, Curvularia geniculata and Fusarium incarnatum associated with seeds were tested in vitro against Carbendazim; Tiram, Fludioxonil; Metalaxil-M, Carboxina; Tiram and Tiofanato-metílico at 0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10 and 30 µg/mL. This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (factorial 4 × 4 × 6). Qualitative variables were compared using the Tukey test (P ≤ 0.05) and quantitative variables were subjected to regression analysis. Carbendazim; Tiram and Fludioxonil; Metalaxil-M had the best fungicidal performances, each inhibiting three of the four fungi with LD50s below 1 µg/mL. Subsequently, these two fungicides were used alone or in combination in the in vivo test. A completely randomized design was used and the means were compared using the Tukey test (P < 0.05). The chemical treatment of the seeds resulted in improvement of five of the six evaluated physiological parameters. The identification of the primary fungi associated with Paspalum seeds reported in this research, as well as damage done to them, can be diminished using appropriate measures such as seed treatments.

Repeatability and genotypic stability in intraspecific hybrids of Paspalum notatum Flügge

“…Pastoral farming systems in Brazil are heavily reliant on native forage species for productive stability and conservation of natural resources. Their use can reduce costs and risks associated with livestock production, which increases long-term system sustainability (Gasparetto et al, 2021).…”

REML/BLUP methodology for selection intraspecific hybrids of Paspalum notatum Flügge by multivariate analysis

“…Moreover, these species exhibit substantial scope for genetic enhancement, as highlighted by previous studies (Motta et al 2017), owing to their favorable forage traits suitable for animal production and an adaptability to different ecosystems (Novo et al 2016). Additionally, the utilization of native forage species in pastoral agriculture systems not only contributes to the stability and conservation of natural resources but also reduces the costs and risks associated with livestock production, ultimately fostering long-term sustainability (Gasparetto et al 2021).…”

Genetic Parameters, Prediction of Gains and Intraspecific Hybrid Selection of Paspalum notatum Flügge for Forage Using REML/BLUP

“…Native forage species in pastoral agriculture systems help to provide productive stability and conservation of natural resources and can reduce costs and risks associated with livestock production, culminating in increased sustainability of the system [1]. Paspalum notatum Flügge is the main constituent of natural pastures in South America [2] and is a native perennial grass [3].…”