Fungi Associated with the Deterioration of Post-harvest Onion Bulbs Sold in Some Markets in Awka, Nigeria

Samuel, Onuorah; Ifeanyi, Obika

doi:10.13189/bb.2015.030503

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In our study, we investigated fungal incidence in onion samples purchased over 24 consecutive months in Paraná State, Brazil. In line with the findings for onion bulbs marketed in Korea [23], Hungary [13], Saudi Arabia [14], Bangladesh [24], and Nigeria [25], Penicillium and Aspergillus were the genera most frequently found.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Molecular analysis of Aspergillus section Nigri isolated from onion samples reveals the prevalence of A. welwitschiae

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to isolate Aspergillus section Nigri from onion samples bought in supermarkets and to analyze the fungal isolates by means of molecular data in order to differentiate A. niger and A. welwitschiae species from the other non-toxigenic species of black aspergilli, and detect genes involved in the biosynthesis of ochratoxin A and fumonisin B 2 . Aspergillus section Nigri were found in 98% (94/96) of the onion samples. Based on the results of multiplex PCR (performed on 500 randomly selected strains), 97.4% of the Aspergillus section Nigri strains were recognized as A. niger/A. welwitschiae. Around half of them were subjected to partial sequencing of the CaM gene to distinguish one from the other. A total of 97.9% of the isolates were identified as A. welwitschiae and only 2.1% as A. niger. The fum8 gene, involved in fumonisin B 2 biosynthesis, was found in 36% of A. welwitschiae isolates, but radH and pks genes, involved in ochratoxin A biosynthesis, were found in only 2.8%. The presence/absence of fum8 gene in the A. welwitschiae genome is closely associated with ability/inability of the isolates to produce fumonisin in vitro. Based on these results, we suggest that in-depth studies are conducted to investigate the presence of fumonisins in onion bulbs.Keywords Aspergillus section Nigri . A. welwitschiae . Ochratoxin A . Fumonisin B 2 . Onion bulbs Highlights • Aspergillus welwitschiae is very frequently found in onions marketed in Brazil. • An essential gene involved in fumonisin biosynthesis (fum8) is present in 36% of Aspergillus welwitschiae strains.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Molecular analysis of Aspergillus section Nigri isolated from onion samples reveals the prevalence of A. welwitschiae

et al. 2020

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“…F. oxysporum was reported as a pathogen of onion in field and storage (Sánchez et al 2015). This fungus survives between consecutive onion crop cycles as a soil saprophyte, in bulbs or onion wastes (Lee et al 2001;Samuel and Ifeanyi 2015;Tyson and Fullerton 2004) which means that the inoculum formed by conidia, mycelia or resistance structures remains in the onion processing zones and increases its presence over time. The application of composting wastes to agricultural soils can control the propagation of soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi by competition between compost and soil microbiota (de Ceuster & Hoitink 1999;Pugliese et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological control of soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi through onion waste composting: implications for circular economy perspective

Chorolque

Pellejero

Sosa

et al. 2021

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The production of onion waste derived mainly from bulbs affected by fungal diseases, during onion classification and storage presents an important agro-environmental issue in onion production regions. Composting is an environmentally friendly strategy to recycle agricultural waste and produce organic fertilizers. Modifications of the microbial community in soil can affect the ability of pathogen propagules to survive, germinate and infect plant roots. Hence, the main objective of this work was to exploring the mechanisms involved on the presence of three soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi during the composting process of onion waste under the hypothesis if that the resulting compost effectively prevents or minimizes the dispersion of phytopathogenic fungi. To this end, three composting piles of 60 tonnes each were built by layering onion waste affected by phytopathogenic fungi and cow dung at 1:1 ratio. Temperature, moisture, pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp. and Fusarium sp. growth were monitored for 100 days. During the first 28 days of composting, the presence of phytopathogenic fungi increased significantly showing thereafter a downward trend. Final estimations of fungal populations densities indicated a predominance of A. niger and an effective reduction in the abundance of Fusarium sp. This pilot-scale work demonstrates the feasibility of composting onion waste contaminated with phytopathogenic fungi and highlights the positive environmental impact associated with this practice. Therefore, the composting of onion waste and cow dung is a feasible and sustainable procedure to recycle onion waste and to promote circular economy in onion production regions.

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“…Whereas, the onion production area was about 200 thousand fed., in 2014/2015 season, produced 2,888,791 tons with an average of 14.67 tons/fed., as mentioned by the yearly book of Economics and Statistics Sector of the Agriculture Ministry of Egypt. Samuel and Ifeanyi (2015) referred that highly valued for onion as one of flavoring agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Biological and Chemical Control of Onion White Rot and Maintain Productivity

El-Yazied

Tewfik

Bondok

et al. 2020

Egyptian Journal of Horticulture

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Qalyub, Qaluobia Governorate, Egypt. The main objective of this study to find out the efficacy of several biological and chemical treatments on controlling onion white rot disease caused by Sclerotium cepivorum as well as on the growth and productivity of onion plants. Three biological treatments including control (water application), Trichoderma asperellum (85 g/100 L -1 ), Pseudomonas fluorescence (500 ml/100 L -1 ), were applied respectively. These treatments were combined with five chemical treatments (commercial fungicides) and applied as follows: Control, Iprodione (250 g/100 L -1 ), Tebuconazole with Fluopyram (50 ml/100 L -1 ), Tebuconazole (188 ml/100 L -1 ), Azoxystrobin plus Mefenoxam (200 ml/100 L 1 ). The ability for growing onion crop productivity was tested and decrease disease severity and incidence growth of white rot by the treatments were sprayed three times on plants at (40-55-70) days after planting or (19-41 BBCH) stages by using knapsack sprayer by (300 L./Fed). Results indicated that combination dipping onion seedling by T. asperellum significantly gave the highest indications of total and the marketable yield in comparison to P. fluorescence for both seasons. Moreover, the three times of spray by Iprodione applications combined with T. asperellum was increased onion crop productivity in comparison to the control treatment significantly, and the disease was lowered, disease severity, and increasing the control efficiency in both seasons. Whereas, the three times of spray by Tebuconazole applications had a moderate effect on onion crop productivity or the disease severity and incidence of Sclerotium cepivorum in comparison to the control treatment despite low to medium recovery following applications. Finally, the non-treated control treatment was the lowest of crop productivity and control of disease efficacy of onion crop.

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Fungi Associated with the Deterioration of Post-harvest Onion Bulbs Sold in Some Markets in Awka, Nigeria

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Molecular analysis of Aspergillus section Nigri isolated from onion samples reveals the prevalence of A. welwitschiae

Molecular analysis of Aspergillus section Nigri isolated from onion samples reveals the prevalence of A. welwitschiae

Biological control of soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi through onion waste composting: implications for circular economy perspective

Effect of Biological and Chemical Control of Onion White Rot and Maintain Productivity

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