Fungi invading roots of perennial ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne</i>L.) in pasture

Skipp, R. A.; Christensen, Michael J.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1989.10421762

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…There have been many studies of endophytic fungi focused on grass leaves (e.g., Saikkonen et al 2000;Sánchez Márquez et al 2007, 2008 and roots (Skipp and Christensen 1989;Schulz 2006;Porras-Alfaro et al 2008), but with the exception of Sánchez Márquez et al (2007Márquez et al ( , 2008, few studies have compared the endophytic fungi between leaves and roots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Response of endophytic fungi of Stipa grandis to experimental plant function group removal in Inner Mongolia steppe, China

Guo

Hyde

2010

Fungal Diversity

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Endophytic fungi associated with Stipa grandis in the Inner Mongolia steppe were investigated. Thirty-four fungal taxa were identified from plant tissues obtained in four treatments where different plant functional groups were removed. Nine taxa were obtained from leaves and 25 from roots; and no taxa occurred in both leaves and roots. Colonization rates were significantly higher in roots than in leaves. This finding differs from most previous studies and may be due to the small size of the leaves which grow annually, as compared to the roots which persist from year to year under the ground. Alternaria sp. 1 and Pyrenophora sp., both isolated from leaves, were the dominant species in the four treatments. Fusarium redolens was dominant in the roots in treatments I and II, and Phialophora sp. was dominant in treatments III and IV. Horizontal transmission of endophytes may occur between the same and different grass species. This would normally occur through the roots, again accounting for the higher diversity. The results suggest that surrounding plant diversity or plant composition can affect endophyte communities of S. grandis. If endophyte communities alter with change of functional plant groups, then this is likely to affect the dynamics of ecosystem functioning. Global warming and human activities can increase species extinction, therefore, if some functional groups disappear, then the fungi communities will also change.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Response of endophytic fungi of Stipa grandis to experimental plant function group removal in Inner Mongolia steppe, China

Guo

Hyde

2010

Fungal Diversity

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“…In New Zealand, the bulk of research efforts were conducted in the mid 1980's through to the early 2000's (Falloon 1985;Skipp and Christensen 1989;Waipara et al 1996;Watson and Mercer 2000;Sarathchandra et al 2000), with relatively little work conducted for the past 15 years. This is at odds with the trend for increased value of pasture production on a per hectare basis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include nematodes, fungi, and Oomycetes (Falloon 1985;Skipp and Christensen 1989;Waipara et al 1996;Watson and Mercer 2000;Sarathchandra et al 2000), which vary from highly host-specific through to broad-range generalists. In most cases, however, root diseases are often caused by a suite (disease complex) of pathogens (Skipp and Watson 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost of root disease on white clover growth in New Zealand dairy pastures

Wakelin

Eslami

Dake³

et al. 2016

Australasian Plant Pathol.

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The cost to clover growth of soil-borne root disease was measured in ten New Zealand dairy pasture soils. The average increase clover growth (weight) after soil pasteurisation was 28.5 %, but ranged from a 64 % increase (Whataroa soil) to a decrease of 11.9 % (Ruakura soil). The economic cost of reduced clover growth was determined using the Farmax Dairy Pro decision support system. In Southland and Canterbury, clover root disease was estimated to cost $750 and $715 ha −1 year −1 respectively, and in the Waikato region $1506 ha −1 year −1 . DNA-based testing of the soils detected the presence of diverse fungal, oomycete and nematode pathogen populations. A significant linear relationship was found between reduction in clover growth and group F Pythium spp. (P = 0.0177). The DNA-based assay indicated that Aphanomyces trifolii, a root pathogen of subterranean clover, may be present in the dairy-pasture soils. As this pathogen is currently not recognised as present in New Zealand, a definitive determination of its presence is required. Based on the high economic costs of diseases, the control of soil-borne root pathogens in New Zealand pasture is a direct means to increase profitability.

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“…One objective of the study was to investigate the potential of soil and rhizosphere fungi as pathogens of pasture plants and seedlings. Previous investigations have identified an array of root-colonising fungi which can be significant pathogens of ryegrass (Falloon 1985;Skipp and Christensen 1989), white clover (Skipp and Christensen 1982) and red clover (Nan et al 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential pathogenicity of pasture plant root-colonising fungi to seedlings of legumes and grasses

Waipara¹,

Menna²,

Cole³

et al. 1996

pnzppc

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A rapid screening test using seedlings grown axenically on water agar was used to determine the capacity of 70 fungal species, isolated from pasture plant roots, to invade and damage seedling roots of 12 plant species common in Waikato pastures. Deleterious effects on roots of one or more plant species occurred following inoculation with these fungi and some species showed potential to be virulent pathogens, particularly to clover seedlings which were more susceptible to root damage by a larger number of fungi than grass seedlings. The technique proved to be a useful preliminary screen to select fungal species and isolates for more detailed studies on their importance in reducing plant emergence and persistence in pasture.

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Fungi invading roots of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenneL.) in pasture

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Response of endophytic fungi of Stipa grandis to experimental plant function group removal in Inner Mongolia steppe, China

Response of endophytic fungi of Stipa grandis to experimental plant function group removal in Inner Mongolia steppe, China

Cost of root disease on white clover growth in New Zealand dairy pastures

Potential pathogenicity of pasture plant root-colonising fungi to seedlings of legumes and grasses

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