Fungicide: Modes of Action and Possible Impact on  Nontarget  Microorganisms

Yang, Chao; Hamel, Chantal; Vujanovic, Vladimir; Gan, Yantai

doi:10.5402/2011/130289

Cited by 207 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Fungicides may also impact cellular immunity in cases where mitochondria modulate cell death and innate immune signaling (Arnoult et al 2009). An alternative explanation for the sublethal effects of Pristine® on protein digestion and immunity might be that the fungicide altered the composition and diversity of gut microbial communities that may contribute to pollen digestion and pathogen defense (Babendreier et al 2007;Engel et al 2012;Koch and Schmid-Hempel 2011;Yang et al 2011). Though bacteria do not have mitochondria, electron transport occurs in the cell membrane and uses ubiquinone and cytochrome b as electron carriers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Honey bee gut microbial communities are robust to the fungicide Pristine® consumed in pollen

et al. 2016

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-Honey bees that consume pollen with sublethal levels of the fungicide Pristine® can have reduced pollen digestion, lower ATP synthesis, and in many ways resemble malnourished bees. Reduced nutrient acquisition in bees exposed to Pristine® might be due to the effects of this fungicide on the composition of gut microbial communities. Two experiments were conducted in two separate years to test for the effects of Pristine® on the composition and diversity of bacteria in nurse bee midguts. In the low-dose experiment, bees fed the fungicide had a reduced relative abundance of Gilliamella sp. and the number of bacterial taxa within each individual bee was lower. In the high-dose experiment, the fungicide treatment led to increased relative abundance of Lactobacillus sp. Firm 4 and Firm 5 relative to the control. Presence of the fungicide did not impact the distribution of bacteria among individuals on either the low-or high-dose experiments. Considerable differences in gut microbial communities existed between the two experiments perhaps due to environmental and dietary factors. The effects of Pristine® on the gut microbiota were inconsistent between experiments indicating that exposure rate and environmental conditions can influence the effects of this fungicide on gut microbial communities.respiration / nutrition / boscalid / pyraclostrobin / microbiome

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Honey bee gut microbial communities are robust to the fungicide Pristine® consumed in pollen

et al. 2016

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“…Moreover, in vitro toxicity analysis of propiconazole on human cell lines authenticates its toxicity (Satapute and Kaliwal, 2015). Conversely, Yang et al (2011) and Niewiadomska and Maruwka (2011) have reported that, propiconazole will have the greatest impact to inhibit the bacterial activity in the wetlands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Propiconazole on Soil Enzymes Activity in Tropical Red and Paddy Soils

Satapute¹,

Kaliwal²

2017

Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Plant Biol.

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A b s t r a c t A r t i c l e I n f oThe use of triazole fungicide as agrochemicals into soil leading to many long lasting effects on the microbes present in the soil environment which indirectly affecting the soil health, the current work evaluates the impact of propiconazole on cellulase and invertase activities in red loam soil of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and paddy soil (Oryza sativa). In vitro experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of propiconazole on their application rates (1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 kg/ha) on cellulase and invertase. The period of experimental set up was 10, 20, 30 and 40 days under the in vitro conditions. The results show that propiconazole was found stimulatory for the activities to the cellulase and invertase at lower application rates in both soils after 10 days of incubation period and an outstanding increase in the activity of cellulase and invertase was observed at the application rate 5.0 and 2.5 kg/ha respectively. Conversely, the comparable trend was observed after 20 days of incubation. The higher application rates (7.5 and 10.0 kg/ha) were found toxic to activity of cellulase and invertase in both red loamy and paddy soil. However, the results of the present investigation suggest that, recommended application rates of propiconazole have greater impact on the enzyme activity in the soil and the application of higher doses and regular contact of propiconazole will cause the harmful effect on enzyme activity in red loamy and paddy soil.

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“…Hal ini tidak hanya menyebabkan naiknya biaya produksi melalui pembelian fungisida, namun juga meningkatkan kerusakan lingkungan serta risiko gangguan terhadap kesehatan tubuh (Verweij et al, 2009;Yan et al, 2011).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Identifikasi cDNA Gen RB pada Tanaman Kentang Produk Rekayasa Genetika Katahdin SP951

Hadiarto¹,

Listanto²,

Riyanti³

2016

J. AgroBiogen

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To overcome the negative impact of the fungicide application, RB gene, originated from Solanum bulbocastanum, a resistance gene to the disease has been introduced to the genome of potato plant Katahdin, which was later named as Katahdin SP951. The aims of the research were to confirm the RB gene in the genetically modified plant (GMP) Katahdin SP951 through resequencing the RB gene in the Katahdin SP951 genome and to align the RB genes isolated from the transgenic Katahdin SP951 and the cloning vector pLCD0454, which was used the vector to transform Katahdin cultivar. The RB gene has high similarity to other resistance genes in potato plants, and therefore nontransgenic Katahdin, and Solanum bulbocastanum were used in the analysis as the negative and positive control, respectively. Seven pairs of specific primers, which could differentiate the RB gene were used for gene sequencing studies. The sequencing experiments obtained 2913 bases which showed 100% similarity to the RB sequence isolated from the pLCD04541 plasmid. It is concluded that the RB gene in the Katahdin SP951 did not experience mutation during transformation process and integration into the Katahdin genome.Keywords: RB gene, potato, sequence confirmation. ABSTRAKPenanaman kentang transgenik dapat mengurangi penggunaan fungisida. Gen RB, yang merupakan gen ketahanan terhadap patogen penyakit hawar daun (Phytophthora infestans), telah berhasil diisolasi dari tanaman kentang liar S. bulbocastanum dan disisipkan ke dalam genom tanaman kentang varietas Katahdin, yang kemudian dinamai klon Katahdin SP951. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengonfirmasi keberadaan gen RB dalam genom tanaman kentang transgenik Katahdin SP951 dengan cara menyekuen gen tersebut dari tanaman kentang Katahdin SP951, dan kemudian membandingkannya dengan sekuen gen RB dari plasmid pCLD04541 yang digunakan untuk mentransformasi Katahdin dan mengandung gen RB. Katahdin nontransgenik dan S. bulbocastanum secara berurutan digunakan sebagai kontrol negatif dan positif. Hasil PCR mendapatkan tujuh primer yang spesifik terhadap gen RB dan kemudian digunakan untuk sekuensing. Hasil sekuensing berupa urutan DNA sepanjang 2.913 basa yang memiliki kesamaan 100% dengan urutan gen RB pada plasmid pCLD04541. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa gen RB tidak mengalami mutasi, baik dalam proses transformasi maupun pada waktu integrasi ke dalam genom kentang varietas Katahdin.Kata kunci: Gen RB, kentang, konfirmasi sekuen.

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Fungicide: Modes of Action and Possible Impact on Nontarget Microorganisms

Cited by 207 publications

References 63 publications

Honey bee gut microbial communities are robust to the fungicide Pristine® consumed in pollen

Honey bee gut microbial communities are robust to the fungicide Pristine® consumed in pollen

Impact of Propiconazole on Soil Enzymes Activity in Tropical Red and Paddy Soils

Identifikasi cDNA Gen RB pada Tanaman Kentang Produk Rekayasa Genetika Katahdin SP951

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