Funktioneller Gewebe- und Organersatz mit postnatalen Stammzellen

Abstract

Postnatal stem cells play a decisive role in cell-based therapies due to their high proliferation activity and functional plasticity. On the one hand, basic research in cell biological processes of adult stem cells is crucial in order to establish them as therapeutic tools. On the other hand, development and enhancements of appropriate techniques are required: we need to establish defined technologies for extraction and differentiation of stem cells and to develop adequate cell carrier devices, scaffolds, and bioreactors for in vitro purposes. Furthermore, it is an interdisciplinary challenge to consider logistical aspects concerning isolation, transport, and storage of stem cells in order to use them in a wide range of activities in regenerative medicine. In this review we present the current methods of work and research on adult stem cells. We explain their therapeutic use and define requirements for future technological developments for work with postnatal stem cells.

Isolation and characterisation of mesenchymal stem cells in Wharton's jelly of the human umbilical cord: potent cells for cell-based therapies in paediatric surgery?

“…Recently, hMSC have been described to have the potential to differentiate into muscle cells, adipocytes, osetocytes, and chondrocytes in culture [3][4][5][6]. Different studies assume that the MSC and UCMSC would be a part of a myofibroblast family.…”

“…The primary source for human Mesenymal Stem Cells (hMSC) is the bone marrow, although recent reports indicated that hMSCs could be isolated from other sources, such as peripheral blood, fat, skin, vasculature and muscle [4][5][6]9]. However, the number of bone marrow hMSCs significantly decreases with age, which makes the search for adequate alternative sources of these cells for autologous and allogenic use necessary -especially in paediatric surgery.…”

“…(4) They could expand when cultured and induced to differentiate into several different types of cells. (5) The cells were found to express mesenchymal markers (CD13, CD105) but not haematopoetic lineage markers (CD14 and CD34).…”

Gewinnung mesenchymaler Progenitorzellen aus der humanen Nabelschnur

“…Immunzytologie: Da zum gegenwärtigen Zeitpunkt im Gegensatz zu hämatopoetischen Stammzellmarkern keine spezifischen Stammzellmarker kommerziell zur Verfügung standen, sollten die Zellen in Anlehnung an die Literatur [2,5,10,11,13,18,21] auf das Vorkommen verschiedener Zelloberflächenmarker hin untersucht werden, die für das Vorliegen mesenchymaler Stammzellen sprechen. In unserem Versuchsaufbau wählten wir -aufgrund der Vorarbeiten von Eblenkamp et al [5], die in Übereinstimmung mit anderen Arbeitsgruppen zeigen konnten [7,15], dass UMPCs zu der Klasse der Myofibroblasten zu zählen sind -einen mAk gegen Fibroblasten.…”

“…mesenchymaler Progenitorzellen (MPC) aus dem Nabelschnurblut intensiv wissenschaftlich erforscht [2,5,9]. So stellt nach Eblenkamp et al der Einsatz mesenchymaler Progenitorzellen zum gegenwärti-gen Zeitpunkt eines der spannendsten Felder der biomedizinischen Forschung dar [5].…”