Funü in the gender legacy of the Mao era and contemporary feminist struggle in China

Xin, Huang

doi:10.4324/9780429492099-2

Cited by 4 publications

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“…During Mao’s era (1949–1976), the communist gender egalitarian ideology, encapsulated in the phrase “women hold up half the sky,” mandated women to engage in physical labor and traditionally male-dominated occupations (Zheng, 2005). The prevailing official images of women portrayed them as model workers, militant fighters, or political activists (Honig, 2002; X. Huang, 2018).…”

Section: Boys’ and Girls’ Adherence To Masculinity Norms In The Globa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental antecedents of adherence to masculinity norms: A 9-year longitudinal study of urban Chinese families.

Yang,

Waters,

et al. 2024

Developmental Psychology

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A growing body of literature shows that adherence to some aspects of Western masculinity norms, including the suppression of emotional vulnerability, avoidance of seeking support from others, and exaggerated physical toughness, is associated with poorer psychological and social outcomes. While existing research suggests that parental gender beliefs and caregiving behaviors might influence the development of children's gendered behaviors, little is known about the developmental origins of individual differences in adherence to masculinity norms. The current study aims to address this gap and presents a longitudinal investigation of how parental gender beliefs and maternal sensitivity during infancy contribute to children's adherence to masculinity norms during middle childhood. Data were drawn from a mixed-method 9-year longitudinal study of 374 urban Chinese families (48.40% with daughters). Parental gender beliefs were assessed at 24 months, maternal sensitivity was assessed with mother-child interaction observations at 14 and 24 months, and children's self-reported adherence to masculinity norms were assessed at age 10 years. Results indicate that while parental gender beliefs had no associations with children's adherence to masculinity norms, maternal sensitivity predicted children's adherence to masculinity norms (β = −.18, p = .008) above and beyond parental gender beliefs and parental education level; moreover, there was a significant interaction of sex on the effect of maternal sensitivity on children's adherence to masculinity (β = −.23, p = .025), and the association was significant only for boys. Public Significance StatementThis is the first longitudinal study to examine the developmental influence of parenting sensitivity and gender beliefs on boys' and girls' adherence to masculinity norms. Results demonstrate that sensitive parenting may have long-term protective effects on boys' adherence to harmful gender norms and represent a pathway for intervention.

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Section: Boys’ and Girls’ Adherence To Masculinity Norms In The Globa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Women were encouraged, if not required, to adopt masculine appearances, behaviors, and norms (X. Huang, 2018). In the post-Mao era, under dramatic economic transformation and modernization, gender roles for women continued to evolve.…”

Section: Boys' and Girls' Adherence To Masculinity Norms In The Globa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental antecedents of adherence to masculinity norms: A 9-year longitudinal study of urban Chinese families.

Yang,

Waters,

et al. 2024

Developmental Psychology

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“…Meanwhile, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) appropriated the term funü 婦女 and reconfigured it to designate a new political construction. My research (Huang 2019) has shown that the CCP's redefinition of women as funü (written as 妇女 since the implementation of simplified written Chinese characters in the 1950s) was based on the CCP's class analysis of Chinese society, and is a category designated for oppressed labouring women, especially those from the proletarian peasant or working classes. Using the English term 'women' and even the pinyin would obscure the differences between these gender projects and fail to pronounce the specific historical and social context referenced in these terms.…”

Section: Writing With Accentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Writing with an accent: Travelling scholars and xenophone scholarship

Huang

2023

European Journal of Women's Studies

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Feminists have been examining the travelling and dominance of Anglophone feminist knowledge across the globe through translation and adaptation, and their revision and transformation in the process. This article suggests that feminist scholarship circulates globally through not only the travelling of theories but also the ‘travelling’ scholars who move geographically, linguistically, and intellectually in and out of the Anglophone scholarly world. It considers knowledge production as an embodied process and explores the relationship between intellectual biography and knowledge production. Directing the gaze to travelling scholars and their ‘accented’ writings, it traces the various types of ‘accents’ in the form of italics or non-Romanized scripts, the invented terms and phases, the meaning frames and conceptual constructions, and creative grafting of ideas and epistemic frameworks. Using various forms of ‘accented’ writings in feminist and queer inquiries about China as examples, this article demonstrates that moving between languages and intellectual traditions, the accented writings produced by travelling scholars can serve as important modes and foci of feminist knowledge production and have the potential to produce ‘xenophone’ scholarship that contributes to feminist knowledge production.

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“…Instead, women were actively involved in networking activities, albeit with less social capital, an important criteria for headhunters (Coverdill & Finlay, 2017). This inclusion was attributed to the Maoist era legacy promoting women in works committees and professional groups (Huang, 2018). In contrast, Western studies have found that women are denied access to the "new boys' club" formulated by headhunters (Faulconbridge et al, 2009;Manfredi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Male-dominated Leadership Talent Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gendered executive headhunting with Chinese characteristics

Yan,

Plimmer,

Zhou

2023

Gender Work & Organization

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Women executives face many barriers to career advancement, which then limits the advancement of women lower down the hierarchy. This study looks at the secretive and elite world of executive search (headhunting) as a gatekeeping system that hinders women's career advancement in China. Interviews were carried out with headhunters in China, including two in Taiwan to test transferability. Findings of this study show that executive women in China face more stark barriers than their western peers. Headhunters report little influence over clients, but they help profile jobs that emphasize technical and masculine views of leadership, ‘fit’ and ‘chemistry’ in hiring decisions, reinforce stereotypes, and do not support candidates. Our findings reflect the convergence of Confucianism, a highly competitive economic model, and a closed political system with limited space to promote women's interests. Headhunting, an imported practice, illuminates western individualist models of feminism rather than China's traditional collectivism and local models of feminism.

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Funü in the gender legacy of the Mao era and contemporary feminist struggle in China

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Developmental antecedents of adherence to masculinity norms: A 9-year longitudinal study of urban Chinese families.

Developmental antecedents of adherence to masculinity norms: A 9-year longitudinal study of urban Chinese families.

Writing with an accent: Travelling scholars and xenophone scholarship

Gendered executive headhunting with Chinese characteristics

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