Für immer und ewig? Befristete Formen islamischer Stiftungen in osmanischer Zeit

Meier, Astrid

doi:10.1524/9783050047577.191

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The notion of donors’ dead hands, that is the influence a donor can or should exert from beyond the grave, has agitated legal scholars for millennia. From debates about limiting foundations’ lifecycles in early Islamic debates on the waqf form (Meier, 2009), to various states’ attempts at limiting the dead hand through mortmain statutes (Fries, 2005; Madoff, 2010), the issue gained particular prominence from the late 19th century onwards (Goff, 1921; Hobhouse, 1880). Portraying deceased donors as a deadweight that prevents rather than enables progress (Meier, 2009), the challenges of respecting the intentions of past donors and how these conflict with intergenerational sovereignty continue to agitate legal (Atkinson, 2007; Brody, 2007; Sisson, 1988) and philosophical debates (Lechterman, 2016) to this day.…”

Section: Prospecting: Spectrality As a Focal Phenomenon In Philanthropy And Foundationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What lies beneath? Spectrality as a focal phenomenon and a focal theory for strengthening engagement with philanthropic foundations

Jung

Orr

2021

Int J Management Reviews

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Foundations are frequently referred to as a donor's dead hand, as a way to exert social, political, economic and cultural influence from beyond the grave. Building on this, our paper argues for a greater focus on and consideration of the significance of the spectral in philanthropy research and practice, particularly in relation to foundations. We argue that spectrality offers a focal phenomenon in philanthropy and a focal theory for moving foundation inquiry forward. Based on our systematic review of the social sciences literature on the spectral, we identify and offer four thematic clusters to frame insights about foundations in relation to relationality and decentring, narratives and representations, ethics and politics, continuity and change. Connecting foundation scholarship with existing debates about the spectral and vice versa, our work offers a basis for reflection and future research on the part of those immersed in the foundation world, and contributes to emergent scholarship about the spectral in organization and management studies.

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Section: Prospecting: Spectrality As a Focal Phenomenon In Philanthropy And Foundationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What lies beneath? Spectrality as a focal phenomenon and a focal theory for strengthening engagement with philanthropic foundations

Jung

Orr

2021

Int J Management Reviews

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Five Thousand Years of Foundations: A Typology from Mesopotamia to the usa

Borgolte

2017

Endowment Studies

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According to the written record, foundations can be traced back to roughly 3000 bce and were found in Babylon and Egypt. They originally served the cult, or more precisely the nourishment, of the gods as well as the provision of ancestors in the post-mortal state. Beginning from the time of the so-called Axial Age, according to Karl Jaspers around the middle of the first millennium bce, endowments involved people, that is the founder himself or beneficiaries designated by him in the spirit of philanthropy. The monotheistic religions of the Near East, which in this respect were perhaps influenced by Persian Zoroastrianism, developed an extremely successful type of foundation, namely the foundation for the salvation of the soul. This appeared alongside or replaced the older foundations for the soul, which were essentially meant to support one’s continuing survival in the afterlife and aimed at an enhanced and blissful form of existence through the mercy of or closeness to God. The second universal historical caesura for foundations was brought about by modernity, by removing the religiously-motivated motivation for the lasting purpose of the endowment. The “operative” or “provisional endowments” of the present, essentially an American innovation, have parted ways with a millennia-old interpretation, in order to meet the requirements of inexorable societal and cultural change.

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Für immer und ewig? Befristete Formen islamischer Stiftungen in osmanischer Zeit

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

What lies beneath? Spectrality as a focal phenomenon and a focal theory for strengthening engagement with philanthropic foundations

What lies beneath? Spectrality as a focal phenomenon and a focal theory for strengthening engagement with philanthropic foundations

Five Thousand Years of Foundations: A Typology from Mesopotamia to the usa

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