Further comments on the reason for the low stability of polyvinyl chloride. Review

Минскер, К. С.; Колесов, С. В.; Yanborisov, V. M.; Берлин, А. А.; Zaikov, G.Ye.

doi:10.1016/0032-3950(84)90313-7

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Then higher an oxidizing stability of the solvent (in particular, ester-type plasticizer), at which's presence a thermooxidative disintegration of PVC occurs, then lower its degradation rate and longer an exploitation time of semi-rigid and flexible materials on a basis of PVC. [13][14][15][16][17][18] An inhibition of process of the solvent's oxidation (including plasticizers) due to of incorporation of stabilizers -antioxidants or their synergistic compositions slows a thermo-oxidative disintegration of PVC in a solution (Fig. 5, curve 5).…”

Section: ''Echo'' -Stabilization Of Pvcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certainly it will give new stimulus in development of scientific bases and practical development with opening of new pathways, conducting to essential delay of PVC's ageing in natural and special conditions at reduction of amounts of the appropriate chemicals -additives, down to their complete elimination. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] …”

Section: ''Echo'' -Stabilization Of Pvcmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Solvent (Plasticizers) on PVC Degradation

Заиков

Artsis

2007

Macromolecular Symposia

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Summary: Both plasticized (semi-rigid and flexible) PVC materials as well as PVC in solutions, the rate of their thermal degradation and effective stabilization are caused by essentially different fundamental phenomena in comparison to aging of PVC in absence of the solvent. Both structure and macromolecular dynamics render the significant influence on its stability, i.e. chemical nature of the solvent (plasticizer), its basicity, specific and non-specific solvation, degree of PVC in a solution (solubility), segmental mobility of macromolecules, thermodynamic properties of the solvent (plasticizer), formation of associates, aggregates, etc. The chemical stabilization of PVC plays a less significant role. The effect of above factors on stability (behavior) of semi-rigid and flexible PVC will be done on quantitative level. It will be described effect of ''echo''-type of stabilization on the stability of PVC in the presence of plasticizers. If we would like to have stable material from PVC we should make stabilization of plasticizers as more reactive chemical compounds.Keywords: aggregates; associates; basicity; plasticizers; segmental mobility of macromolecules; solubility; solution; solvent; specific and non-specific solvation; thermodynamic properties Effect of SolventAt PVC's degradation in solution, one of the basic reasons of change of the process kinetic parameters is the nucleophilic activation of a PVC's dehydrochlorination reaction. The process is described by E 2 mechanism.[1-3] Thus, there is a linear dependence between PVC's thermal dehydrochlorination rate and parameter of solvent's relative basicity B cm À1 (Fig. 1). [1][2][3] (The value B cm À1 is evaluated by shift of a characteristic band OH of phenol at l ¼ 3600 cm À1 in an IR-spectrum at interaction with the solvent [4] ). It is essentially important that the rate of PVC's dehydrochlorination in the solvents with relative basicity B > 50 cm À1 was always above, than the rate of PVC's dehydrochlorination without the solvent, while when B < 50 cm À1 , PVC's desintegration rate was always less, than at it's destruction without the solvent. The revealed dependence V HCl ¼ f (B) is described by the equation:An inhibition of PVC's disintegration in the solvents with basicity B < 50 cm À1 is very interesting and practically important phenomenon. It has received the name ''solvatational'' stabilization of PVC. Let's notice, however, that ignoring of the fact that PVC solutions even at low concentration (2 wt. %) do not represent solutions with isolated macromolecules but rather with structured systems, results that in a number of cases a deviation from linear dependence of PVC dehydrochlorination rate of the solvent basicity B cm À1 is observed. In particular, an abnormal behavior of PVC is observed at destruction in certain ester-type solvents (plasticizers) (Fig. 1, points 25-28), that apparently caused by structural changes of macromo-

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Section: ''Echo'' -Stabilization Of Pvcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ''Echo'' -Stabilization Of Pvcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Solvent (Plasticizers) on PVC Degradation

Заиков

Artsis

2007

Macromolecular Symposia

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Photochemical mechanism of polyene growth in photodegraded PVC

Aleksandrov

Китай

1990

Polymer Science U.S.S.R.

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Achievements and research tasks for polyvinylchloride ageing and stabilization

Минскер¹,

Zaikov²,

Artsis³

2008

ChChT

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Perspectives of polyvinylchloride (PVC) production without labile groups in a backbone have been considered. It has been shown that such production provides drastic increase of an intrinsic stability of polymeric products, possibility of PVC processing with the minimum amounts or in total absence of stabilizers and other chemicals-additives and the opportunity of creation materials and products on a PVC basis with the essentially increased life time. Data allowing to create rigid, semi-rigid and flexible (plasticized) materials and products with the minimum amounts of chemicals-additives and prolonged life time of their service at exploitation under natural and special conditions are presented.

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Further comments on the reason for the low stability of polyvinyl chloride. Review

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of Solvent (Plasticizers) on PVC Degradation

Effect of Solvent (Plasticizers) on PVC Degradation

Photochemical mechanism of polyene growth in photodegraded PVC

Achievements and research tasks for polyvinylchloride ageing and stabilization

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