Further evidence for possible analgesic mechanism of electroacupuncture: Effects on neuropeptides and serotonergic neurons in rat spinal cord.

Tsai, Huei-Yann; Lin, Jaung‐Geng; Inoki, Reizo

doi:10.1254/jjp.49.181

Cited by 47 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This fact shows that analgesia provided by irradiation of AcP by low-intensity microwaves under conditions of visceral pain is mediated (at least, to a considerable extent) by the activity of the cerebral serotonergic system. These results agree with the published data on analgesia induced by electropuncture; in this case, the analgesia state is accompanied by intensification of the release of serotonin [26]. It is obvious that the latter amine is one of the most important compounds that mediate analgesia induced by both acupuncture and electropuncture [27,28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Both acupuncture and electropuncture result in activation of structures of the serotonergic system [8,9] (especially of neuronal systems of the nucl. raphe magnus [10]) and in increased release of serotonin [11]. A decrease in the level of serotonin in the brain after blocking of synthesis of this amine decreased the level of analgesia induced by acupuncture [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analgesia Induced by Microwave Irradiation of an Acupuncture Point under Conditions of Visceral Pain in Mice: Role of the Serotonergic Cerebral System

Bagatskaya

Gura

2005

Neurophysiology

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We studied behavioral manifestations of analgesic effects induced in mice by irradiation of the E36 acupuncture point (AcP) by low-intensity microwaves under conditions of visceral pain evoked by i.p. injections of 0.08 ml of a 2% solution of acetic acid. We also examined changes in these analgesic effects resulting from a drop in the level of serotonin after i.p. injection of 300 mg/kg of a blocker of synthesis of serotonin, DL-parachlorophenylalanine (PChPhA). Two modes of irradiation were tested, with a wide frequency range (30 to 300 GHz) and amplitude modulation (mode 1) and with a stable frequency (61 ± ± 4 GHz, mode 2). Irradiation in mode 1 provided a higher level of analgesia than that in mode 2 (decreases in the duration of manifestations of the pain reaction were, on average, 35.7 and 20.4%, respectively). The level of analgesia dropped after injections of PChPhA; the durations of behavioral pain manifestations 24 h after such injections were greater than those in the group with no injections of the blocker by 41.3 and 12.1% in irradiation modes 1 and 2, respectively. The respective figures 48 h after PChPhA injections were 52.0 and 16.1%. Thus, under conditions of visceral pain, irradiation of the AcP by low-intensity microwaves provides noticeable analgesia, and the serotonergic brain system mediates the development of analgesia under the above-mentioned conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analgesia Induced by Microwave Irradiation of an Acupuncture Point under Conditions of Visceral Pain in Mice: Role of the Serotonergic Cerebral System

Bagatskaya

Gura

2005

Neurophysiology

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“…The non-endorphinergic actions may be mediated by monoaminergic neurons [5,30,32]. Evidence from animal experiments implies that EAc is capable of influencing the synthesis and release of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) in the central nervous system (CNS).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Central Serotonergic System Mediates the Analgesic Effect of Electroacupuncture on <i>Zusanli</i> (ST36) Acupoints

Chang¹,

Tsai²,

et al. 2004

J Biomed Sci

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Evidence in the past decade indicates that the mechanisms of anti-nociception of electroacupuncture (EAc) involve actions of neuropeptides (i.e., enkephalin and endorphin) and monoamines (i.e., serotonin and norepinephrine) in the central nervous system. Our present results using a subcutaneous injection of formalin to test pain sensation in mice provide further understanding of the involvement of serotonin in the actions of EAc-induced analgesia. Our observations show that (1) EAc at three different frequencies (2, 10 and 100 Hz) elicited an anti-nociceptive effect as determined by behavioral observations of reduced hindpaw licking; (2) exogenously intracerebroventricular administration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) exhibited an analgesic effect, which partially mimicked the analgesic actions of EAc; (3) the anti-nociception of EAc at different frequencies was attenuated after reduced biosynthesis of serotonin by the administration of the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor, p-chlorophenylalanine, and (4) the 5-HT_1A and 5-HT₃ receptor antagonists, pindobind-5-HT_1A and LY-278584, respectively, blocked three different frequencies of EAc-induced analgesic effects, but the anti-nociceptive effect of 100 Hz EAc was potentiated by the 5-HT₂ receptor antagonist, ketanserin. These observations suggest that 5-HT_1A and 5-HT₃ receptors partially mediate the analgesic effects of EAc, but that the 5-HT₂ receptor is conversely involved in the nociceptive response.

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“…[51][52][53][54] One study showed that acupuncture-induced analgesia is created by both central and peripheral mechanisms; the peripheral endorphin release plays a role in downregulating the neurogenic inflammation. 55 Central mechanisms include initiating descending pain control through the insular and frontal cortex activation of the periaqueductal gray, the strongest center to suppress pain, via the spinoreticulothalamic tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of acupuncture and spinal manipulative therapy: management of a 32-year-old patient with chronic tension-type headache and migraine

Ohlsen

2012

Journal of Chiropractic Medicine

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Further evidence for possible analgesic mechanism of electroacupuncture: Effects on neuropeptides and serotonergic neurons in rat spinal cord.

Cited by 47 publications

References 14 publications

Analgesia Induced by Microwave Irradiation of an Acupuncture Point under Conditions of Visceral Pain in Mice: Role of the Serotonergic Cerebral System

Analgesia Induced by Microwave Irradiation of an Acupuncture Point under Conditions of Visceral Pain in Mice: Role of the Serotonergic Cerebral System

The Central Serotonergic System Mediates the Analgesic Effect of Electroacupuncture on <i>Zusanli</i> (ST36) Acupoints

Combination of acupuncture and spinal manipulative therapy: management of a 32-year-old patient with chronic tension-type headache and migraine

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