Further studies on the cholesterol-lowering effect of apple in human. Biochemical mechanims involved

Hepatic Acylcoenzyme A:Cholesterol Acyltransf erase Activity Is Low in Hamsters Fed Apples in Addition to a Standard Diet

“…The results obtained here sug gest that the pool of cholesterol esters in the liver may be reduced by feeding a high-fruit diet. This type of diet decreases the plasma cholesterol level in humans and in hypercholesterolemic animals [15][16][17][18] with a main al teration in the cholesterol content of the LDL fraction [1,2,18]. This is probably the conse quence of the changes occurring in the lipo protein cholesterol transport.…”

Biologically Active Triterpenoids and Their Cardioprotective and Anti- Inflammatory Effects

“…This appeared to have been through the mechanism of the fruit that lowers overall blood cholesterol level and inflammation [13]. Significantly reduced plasma cholesterol, LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride concentrations resulted on several animal and human apple consumption trials [21][22][23][24].…”

Evaluation of cardiovascular protective effect of different apple varieties – Correlation of response with composition

“…In particular, a reduced risk of CVD has been shown for apple consumption, probably due to the potential cholesterol-lowering ability of this fruit (revised by Boyer & Liu, 2006). In fact, several animal and human studies have 5/35 demonstrated that apple consumption significantly reduces plasma cholesterol, LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides concentrations (Aprikian et al, 2001;Leontowicz et al, 2001;Sablé-Amplis et al, 1983;Salgado et al, 2008). The main compounds responsible for this effect are proposed to be fiber and polyphenols (Aprikian et al, 2003;Leontowicz et al, 2001Leontowicz et al, , 2003Nagasako-Akazome et al, 2007), which content and composition varies greatly within different cultivars (Feliciano et al, 2010;Vrhovsek et al, 2004).…”