Fusarium Species and Fusarium oxysporum Species Complex Genotypes Associated With Yam Wilt in South-Central China

Dongzhen, Fang; Li, Xilin; Chen, Xiaorong; Wenwu, Yan; He, Yong; Cheng, Yi; Chen, Jia; Li, Zhimin; Litao, Guo; Wang, Tuhong; Xu, Jianping; Gao, Chengde

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01964

Cited by 44 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In addition to extensive allelic and multilocus genotypic sharing (hybrids) in our samples, our other analyses such as gene genealogical comparison and STRUCTURE also suggested frequent hybridizations, with different strains showing variable proportions of genetic elements from the two genetic clusters. Similar population structures have been found in several other fungal populations in Southern China, such as those of the opportunistic human fungal pathogens Aspergillus fumigatus in Yunnan [ 56 ] and Candida tropicalis in Hainan Island [ 58 ], the plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum in South-Central China [ 59 ], and the wild edible mushroom Russula virescens Ally from Southwestern China [ 60 ]. Our results were consistent with the idea of gene flow being a major force shaping the A. oligospora population from China.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Historical Differentiation and Recent Hybridization in Natural Populations of the Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora in China

Zhou

Dong

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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Maintaining the effects of nematode-trapping fungi (NTF) agents in order to control plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) in different ecological environments has been a major challenge in biological control applications. To achieve such an objective, it is important to understand how populations of the biocontrol agent NTF are geographically and ecologically structured. A previous study reported evidence for ecological adaptation in the model NTF species Arthrobotrys oligospora. However, their large-scale geographic structure, patterns of gene flow, their potential phenotypic diversification, and host specialization remain largely unknown. In this study, we developed a new panel of 20 polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR) markers and analyzed 239 isolates of A. oligospora from 19 geographic populations in China. In addition, DNA sequences at six nuclear gene loci and strain mating types (MAT) were obtained for these strains. Our analyses suggest historical divergence within the A. oligospora population in China. The genetically differentiated populations also showed phenotypic differences that may be related to their ecological adaptations. Interestingly, our analyses identified evidence for recent dispersion and hybridization among the historically subdivided geographic populations in nature. Together, our results indicate a changing population structure of A. oligospora in China and that care must be taken in selecting the appropriate strains as biocontrol agents that can effectively reproduce in agriculture soil while maintaining their nematode-trapping ability.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Historical Differentiation and Recent Hybridization in Natural Populations of the Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora in China

Zhou

Dong

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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“…Roots, stems, leaves, and fruits were washed with tap water to remove impurities. After natural air drying and rinsing with distilled water three times, the tissues were surface-sterilized in 75% ethanol (v/v) for 30 s, submerged in 1% NaOCl (w/v) for 10 s, and rinsed three times in sterile distilled water ( Dongzhen et al, 2020 ). One hundred microliters of sterile water from the last rinse were spread on LB medium and cultivated for 24 h to verify that the surface disinfection of the plants was complete.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation, Identification, and Antibacterial Mechanisms of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens QSB-6 and Its Effect on Plant Roots

et al. 2021

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Apple replant disease (ARD) is a common problem in major apple planting areas, and biological factors play a leading role in its etiology. Here, we isolated the bacterial strain QSB-6 from the rhizosphere soil of healthy apple trees in a replanted orchard using the serial dilution method. Strain QSB-6 was provisionally identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens based on its morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics, carbon source utilization, and chemical sensitivity. Maximum likelihood analysis based on four gene sequences [16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S rDNA), DNA gyrase subunit A (gyrA), DNA gyrase subunit B (gyrB), and RNA polymerase subunit B (rpoB)] from QSB-6 and other strains indicated that it had 100% homology with B. amyloliquefaciens, thereby confirming its identification. Flat standoff tests showed that strain QSB-6 had a strong inhibitory effect on Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Phoma sp., Valsa mali, Rhizoctonia solani, Penicillium brasilianum, and Albifimbria verrucaria, and it had broad-spectrum antibacterial characteristics. Extracellular metabolites from strain QSB-6 showed a strong inhibitory effect on Fusarium hyphal growth and spore germination, causing irregular swelling, atrophy, rupture, and cytoplasmic leakage of fungal hyphae. Analysis of its metabolites showed that 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid and benzeneacetic acid, 3- hydroxy-, methyl ester had good inhibitory effects on Fusarium, and increased the length of primary roots and the number of lateral roots of Arabidopsis thaliana plantlet. Pot experiments demonstrated that a QSB-6 bacterial fertilizer treatment (T2) significantly improved the growth of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings. It increased root length, surface area, tips, and forks, respiration rate, protective enzyme activities, and the number of soil bacteria while reducing the number of soil fungi. Fermentation broth from strain QSB-6 effectively prevented root damage from Fusarium. terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays showed that the T2 treatment significantly reduced the abundance of Fusarium in the soil and altered the soil fungal community structure. In summary, B. amyloliquefaciens QSB-6 has a good inhibitory effect on Fusarium in the soil and can significantly promote plant root growth. It has great potential as a biological control agent against ARD.

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“…The gene of TEF1-α always appeared to have a single copy in Fusarium . It showed high levels of sequence polymorphism in closely related species, and the DNA sequence based on the TEF1-α was often used to identify the putative Fusarium species ( Geiser et al, 2004 ; Berruezo et al, 2018 ; Fang et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2021 ). In this study, 12 Fusarium species were isolated and identified from symptomatic maize stalks based on morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analysis ( TEF1-α ), and Koch’s postulates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Diversity and Chemotypes of Fusarium Species Associated With Maize Stalk Rot in Yunnan Province of Southwest China

Shan

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Maize stalk rot caused by Fusarium species is one of the most important fungal diseases of maize throughout the world. The disease is responsible for considerable yield losses and has also been associated with mycotoxin contamination of the crop. In this study, a survey of maize stalk rot was performed in seven locations of Yunnan Province in China during the cropping season of 2015 and 2016. Based on morphological and molecular characteristics, 204 isolates belonging to 12 Fusarium spp. from symptomatic stalks of maize were identified. Among the isolated strains, 83 were identified as Fusarium meridionale (40.5%), 46 as Fusarium boothii (22.5%), 34 as Fusarium temperatum (16.5%), 12 as Fusarium equiseti (5.9%), 10 as Fusarium asiaticum (4.9%), six as Fusarium proliferatum (3.0%), four as Fusarium verticillioides (2.0%), four as Fusarium incarnatum (2.0%), two as Fusarium avenaceum (1.0%), one as Fusarium cerealis (0.5%), one as Fusarium graminearum (0.5%), and one as Fusarium cortaderiae (0.5%). Fusarium cortaderiae was the first report on the causal agent of maize stalk rot disease in China. These isolates were divided into five chemotypes: nivalenol (NIV), deoxynivalenol (DON), beauvericin (BEA), zearalenone (ZEN), and fumonisin (FUM). Phylogenetic analysis based on partial sequences of the translation elongation factor 1α (TEF1-α) showed a high degree of interspecific polymorphisms among the isolates. Pathogenicity analysis on maize stalks indicated that all the 12 species of Fusarium were able to cause the disease symptoms with different aggressiveness. This study on population, pathogenicity, and toxigenic chemotypes of Fusarium species associated with maize stalk rot in Yunnan Province of southwest China, will help design an effective integrated control strategy for this disease.

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Fusarium Species and Fusarium oxysporum Species Complex Genotypes Associated With Yam Wilt in South-Central China

Cited by 44 publications

References 42 publications

Historical Differentiation and Recent Hybridization in Natural Populations of the Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora in China

Historical Differentiation and Recent Hybridization in Natural Populations of the Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora in China

Isolation, Identification, and Antibacterial Mechanisms of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens QSB-6 and Its Effect on Plant Roots

Species Diversity and Chemotypes of Fusarium Species Associated With Maize Stalk Rot in Yunnan Province of Southwest China

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