Fusarium toxins in cereals of integrated and organic cultivation from the Federal State of Brandenburg (Germany) harvested in the years 2000–2007

Meister, Ute

doi:10.1007/s12550-009-0017-z

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Organic cultivation is characterized by the omission of maize as previous crop, traditional tillage, and by selection of relatively Fusarium-resistant cultivars. Furthermore, the ban of plant protectants and other chemicals such as fungicides or growth regulators (retardants) which are applied in integrated cultivation could contribute to the relatively low Fusarium contamination (and thus of the low toxin contents) in organically cultivated cereals (Meier et al, 2000;Obst et al, 2000;Oldenburg, 2004;Meister, 2009). Döll et al (2002), reported that in the case of non fungicide treatment, wheat from organic farming is more tolerant to Fusarium infection than wheat from conventional farming systems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium mycotoxin content of Slovakian organic and conventional cereals

Remža¹,

Lacko-Bartošová²,

Kosík³

2016

JCEA

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Many species of Fusarium fungi can produce a number of different mycotoxins including trichothecenes such as deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV), zearalenone (ZEA) and others. The farming system have an effect on quality of grown plants, including mycotoxin contamination. The contamination of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rye grain by toxins with focus on the genus Fusarium was monitored within the years 2009 -2011 under the official control according to EC Regulation 401/2006 and 178/2010 on the territory of the Slovak Republic in organic and conventional grains. The concentration of deoxynivalenol (DON) was determined by HPLC/DAD detector and concentration of zearalenone (ZEA) by HPLC/FLD detector. Results of analysed samples showed that DON was the most prevalent Fusarium toxin. In the analysed samples were observed significant differences between organic and conventional wheat samples. Results showed that samples from organic production contained significantly lower contamination of DON and ZEA mycotoxins than from conventional production. In four wheat samples from conventional production was the content of DON over the EC Regulation no. 1881/2006 about setting the maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuff. Within the observed period, the highest DON concentrations were observed in the year 2010, in both wheat and rye samples, and organic and conventional production. The year 2010 was characterised by constant rain, moist soil on the most area of Slovakia. Since lower contamination of Fusarium toxins was found in wheat and rye from organic farming, it can be concluded, that factors related to agricultural practices in this system can reduce the risk of Fusarium mycotoxin contamination.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium mycotoxin content of Slovakian organic and conventional cereals

Remža¹,

Lacko-Bartošová²,

Kosík³

2016

JCEA

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“…Previous studies comparing trichothecene levels in conventional and organic grains are also contradictory (Hoogenboom et al. ; Edwards ,b, Meister ; Bernhoft et al. , ; Vidal et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Quantification of Alternaria, Cladosporium, Fusarium and Penicillium verrucosum in Conventional and Organic Grains by qPCR

Kulik

Treder

Załuski

2014

Journal of Phytopathology

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We analysed the levels of Alternaria, Cladosporium, Fusarium and Penicillium verrucosum in grain samples harvested in 2011 and 2012 from conventional and organic farms using qPCR. In general, both Alternaria and Cladosporium occurred in all cereal grains in the highest quantities, followed by P. verrucosum and Fusarium. Alternaria, Cladosporium and P. verrucosum had the highest levels in crop mixtures, barley and rye and lower levels in wheat, while Fusarium levels were the highest in crop mixtures and wheat. The levels of Alternaria and P. verrucosum were higher in organic rye and wheat than conventional grains. Although the level of Fusarium was higher in conventional than organic rye, opposite results were obtained for crop mixtures. A positive correlation was found between Alternaria, Cladosporium and P. verrucosum, indicating that similar factors might affect the distribution of these fungi in grains.

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“…However, several studies have reported lower amounts of Fusarium and mycotoxin contamination in organic cereal production than in conventional production (Bernhoft et al, 2010;Edwards, 2009;Gottschalk et al, 2009;Meister, 2009). Pesticide use, high nitrogen application and cereal intense rotations in the conventional system have been hypothesised to cause these differences (Bernhoft et al, 2010;Edwards, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, several studies have shown lower or equal levels of Fusarium and mycotoxin contamination in organic cereal production than in conventional production (Bernhoft et al, 2010;Birzele et al, 2002;Edwards, 2009;Gottschalk et al, 2009;Meister, 2009). In the UK, Edwards (2009) observed lower levels of HT-2 and T-2 in organically produced wheat, but no difference in DON contamination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural factors affecting Fusarium communities in wheat kernels

Karlsson

Friberg

Kolseth

et al. 2017

International Journal of Food Microbiology

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Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease of cereals caused by Fusarium fungi. The disease is of great economic importance especially owing to reduced grain quality due to contamination by a range of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium. Disease control and prediction is difficult because of the many Fusarium species associated with FHB. Different species may respond differently to control methods and can have both competitive and synergistic interactions. Therefore, it is important to understand how agricultural practices affect Fusarium at the community level.Lower levels of Fusarium mycotoxin contamination of organically produced cereals compared with conventionally produced have been reported, but the causes of these differences are not well understood. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of agricultural factors on Fusarium abundance and community composition in different cropping systems. Winter wheat kernels were collected from 18 organically and conventionally cultivated fields in Sweden, paired based on their geographical distance and the wheat cultivar grown. We characterised the Fusarium community in harvested wheat kernels using 454 sequencing of translation elongation factor 1-a amplicons. In addition, we quantified Fusarium spp. using real-time PCR to reveal differences in biomass between fields.We identified 12 Fusarium operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with a median of 4.5 OTUs per field. Fusarium graminearum was the most abundant species, while F. avenaceum had the highest occurrence. The abundance of Fusarium spp. ranged two orders of magnitude between fields. Two pairs of Fusarium species co-occurred between fields: F. poae with F. tricinctum and F. culmorum with F. sporotrichoides. We could not detect any difference in Fusarium communities between the organic and conventional systems. However, agricultural intensity, measured as the number of pesticide applications and the amount of nitrogen fertiliser applied, had an impact on Fusarium communities, specifically increasing the abundance of F. tricinctum. There were geographical differences in the Fusarium community composition where F. graminearum was more abundant in the western part of Sweden. The application of amplicon sequencing provided a comprehensive view of the Fusarium community in cereals. This gives us better opportunities to understand the ecology of Fusarium spp., which is important in order to limit FHB and mycotoxin contamination in cereals.

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Fusarium toxins in cereals of integrated and organic cultivation from the Federal State of Brandenburg (Germany) harvested in the years 2000–2007

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Fusarium mycotoxin content of Slovakian organic and conventional cereals

Fusarium mycotoxin content of Slovakian organic and conventional cereals

Quantification of Alternaria, Cladosporium, Fusarium and Penicillium verrucosum in Conventional and Organic Grains by qPCR

Agricultural factors affecting Fusarium communities in wheat kernels

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