Fusarium wilt of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in North-west Algeria

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporum (Schletend: Fr) f.sp. ciceri (Padwick) (FOC) is a soil fungus that is a permanent threat to the chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) causing wilt syndrome. During spring of 2005 to 2009 surveys at three agro-climatic zones of north-western Algeria through seven sites. The presence of the disease was found in all the 50 fields chickpea visited. The pathogen, F. oxysporum f.sp. ciceri was isolated from infected plants harvested. Three types of symptoms are observed on chickpea plants in fields: Symptom-yellowing, Wilting and Root rot-that appeared in very wet conditions on few fields from locality: Tighenif-Maoussa-Field station (Mascara region). The means of incidence and severity of the disease were high in all regions. From region of the Mascara; the incidence was estimated between 5% and 54% for stage 2 branching, of 10% to 69% for stage prebloom, and of 54% to 98.33% in maturation stage. It was higher in dry years. The severity varies from 2 to 3.56 for the three stages and the index of the disease was evaluated between 2.5 and 68.77%. The average rating was drawn between 7 sites, were incidence varies between 50 and 100%, severity from 1 to 2.88 and the disease intensity index drawn between 15% and 62.5%. F. oxysporum was the main species isolated from diseased parts of the plant with an average frequencies of 43. 26% followed by Fusarium solani with 31.61%. F.culmorum F.equiseti ,Sclerotium spp.and Rhizoctonia solani ,are which part of the microflora isolated and could be responsible for various disease collar and root. The study of virulence on a susceptible cultivar that very susceptible to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri, ILC482 confirmed the presence of this special form.

Comparative pathogenesis of Fusarium spp. obtained from diseased chickpea plants in Morocco

“…These results are in agreement with those obtained by several authors (Navas- Cortes et al, 1998;Jimenez-Gasco and Jimenez-Diaz, 2003;Dubey and Singh, 2004;Jimenez-Gasco et al, 2004;Honnareddy and Dubey, 2006;Bekkar, 2007;Pandeet al, 2007;Rajuet al, 2008;Shah et al, 2009). The same symptoms have also been observed in several plots of the world (Westerlund et al, 1974), notably in California (Koike et al, 2009) in India (Trapero-Casas and Jimenez-Diaz, 1985), in Spain, (El-Aoufir, 2001;Trapero-Casas and Jimenez-Diaz, 1985) in Tunisia (Halila et al, 2010), and in Algeria (Zemouli-Benfreha et al, 2014).…”

Assessment of the Antimicrobial Activity and the Entomocidal Potential of Bacillus thuringiensis Isolates from Algeria

“…Specifically, in Algeria, the most injurious fungus species affecting palms are Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agent of ‘bayoud’, or Fusarium wilt [ 92 , 93 ], and Thielaviopsis paradoxa , the agent of the black scorch disease [ 94 , 95 ]. Different species of the genus Fusarium also affect cereals [ 2 , 96 ], forest trees (Aleppo Pine) [ 97 , 98 ], vegetables [ 99 ], and legumes [ 100 ]. Similar to the antibacterial activity, earlier studies showed that B. thuringiensis isolates were less potent, in terms of antifungal activity, compared to other Bacillus species such as B. amyloliquefaciens and B. subtilis [ 82 , 83 ].…”

Bacterias De La Rizosfera De Garbanzo Con Capacidad Antagónica a Hongos Fitopatógenos Y De Promoción Del Crecimiento De La Planta

“…En México, la enfermedad conocida como "marchitez" o "rabia del garbanzo" es ocasionada por un complejo de hongos: F. oxysporum, F. solani, Rhizoctonia solani y Sclerotium rolfsii; que causan pérdidas importantes en la producción de garbanzo (Morales y García, 2004;Paredes-Escalante et al, 2009). Al estudiar la marchitez del garbanzo en 50 campos agrícolas, Zemouli-Benfreha et al (2014) encontraron incidencias de hasta 100% y severidades moderadas; F. oxysporum fue la principal especie aislada (43%) de plantas enfermas, seguida de F. solani (32%). Algunas de las estrategias empleadas para el manejo de esta enfermedad son el uso de variedades resistentes, rotación de cultivos, solarización, el retiro de socas y uso de semillas libre de patógenos o tratadas con fungicidas, aunque los resultados han sido limitados o poco satisfactorios (Landa et al, 2004;Paredes-Escalante et al, 2009).…”