Fused Filament Fabrication Three-Dimensional Printing: Assessing the Influence of Geometric Complexity and Process Parameters on Energy and the Environment

Mecheter, Asma; Tarlochan, Faris

doi:10.3390/su151612319

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…There is a potential to make PLA from cow manure to address sustainability issues and recycling [44]. Regarding carbon dioxide emissions, 3D printing energy and human toxicity PLA are environmentally friendly options [45]. PLA is a solution to replacing fossil plastics [46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Size on the Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers

Sadaghian,

Dadmand,

Pourbaba

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Most of the experiments on additively manufactured polymers are on a small scale, and it remains uncertain whether findings at a small scale can be extrapolated to their larger-scale counterparts. This uncertainty mainly arises due to the limited studies on the effect of size on three-dimensional (3D)-printed polymers, among many others. Given this background, this preliminary study aims to investigate the effect of geometric dimensions (i.e., the size effect) on the mechanical performance of four representative types of 3D-printable polymers, namely, (1) polycarbonate acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (PC/ABS), (2) acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate (ASA), (3) polylactic acid (PLA) as a bio biodegradable and sustainable material, and (4) polyamide (PA, nylon), based on compression, modulus of elasticity, tension, and flexural tests. Eight different sizes were investigated for compression, modulus of elasticity, and tension tests, while seven different sizes were tested under flexure as per relevant test standards. A material extrusion technique was used to 3D-print the polymers in a flat build orientation and at an infill orientation angle of 45°. The results have shown that the mechanical properties of the 3D-printed polymers were size-dependent, regardless of the material type, with the most significant being flexure, followed by tension, compression, and modulus of elasticity; however, no clear general trend could be identified in this regard. All the materials except for nylon showed a brittle failure pattern, characterized by interfacial failure rather than filament failure. PLA outperformed the other three polymer specimens in terms of strength, irrespective of the type of loading.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Size on the Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers

Sadaghian,

Dadmand,

Pourbaba

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…Within the context of 3D-printed batteries, FFF is employed to produce essential battery components, including electrodes, solid-state electrolytes, and current collectors. For this purpose, FFF offers the capability to integrate conductive materials into the filament, creating conductive pathways within the battery structure [129][130][131][132]. FFF is a widely adopted 3D printing technique, including in the field of battery manufacturing.…”

Section: Fused Filament Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of 3D Printing Batteries

Mottaghi,

Pearce

2024

Batteries

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To stabilize the Earth’s climate, large-scale transition is needed to non-carbon-emitting renewable energy technologies like wind and solar energy. Although these renewable energy sources are now lower-cost than fossil fuels, their inherent intermittency makes them unable to supply a constant load without storage. To address these challenges, rechargeable electric batteries are currently the most promising option; however, their high capital costs limit current deployment velocities. To both reduce the cost as well as improve performance, 3D printing technology has emerged as a promising solution. This literature review provides state-of-the-art enhancements of battery properties with 3D printing, including efficiency, mechanical stability, energy and power density, customizability and sizing, production process efficiency, material conservation, and environmental sustainability as well as the progress in solid-state batteries. The principles, advantages, limitations, and recent advancements associated with the most common types of 3D printing are reviewed focusing on their contributions to the battery field. 3D printing battery components as well as full batteries offer design flexibility, geometric freedom, and material flexibility, reduce pack weight, minimize material waste, increase the range of applications, and have the potential to reduce costs. As 3D printing technologies become more accessible, the prospect of cost-effective production for customized batteries is extremely promising.

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