Fused Salts and Their Use as Reaction Media

Abstract

atom must be such that the centers H-C@)-C(a)-C-0-0 in the hydroxy-hydroperoxy diradical can assume a cyclic arrangement. Table 3 shows a number of cases studied so far, in which a cyclic ketone is converted to an unsaturated carboxylic acid containing an additional oxygen atom. With the exception of (62), all the ketones contain a CH3-substituent a to the carbonyl group. In these examples the new C=C double bond, which is formed together with the carboxyl group, is always terminal. Scope of the ReactionConsequently, this new photo-oxidation can be used as a step in the partial synthesis of 3,4-seco-triterpenecarboxylic acids with a A4 (23)

Formation of Melamium Adducts by Pyrolysis of Thiourea or Melamine/NH4Cl Mixtures

“…Examples include molecular single-source precursors, such as cyanogen isocyanate [13] or triazido-s-heptazine, [14] as well as reactive mixtures (e.g., C 3 N 3 Cl 3 or C 6 N 7 Cl 3 in combination with nitride sources). [15] The reactivity of precursors is also notably affected by alterations of the reaction conditions and by using salt melts [16] as reaction media. In the course of the temperature-dependent condensation of C/N/H precursors, several intermediates are formed, of which melem C 6 N 10 H 6 C 6 N 7 A C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (NH 2 ) 3 and melam C 6 N 11 H 9 (NH 2 ) 2 C 3 N 3 (NH)C 3 N 3 A C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (NH 2 ) 2 are prominent examples (Scheme 1).…”

New Synthetic Routes to Polyoxometalate Containing Ionic Liquids

“…[67,87] The authors screened a range of imidazolium and phosphonium cations, several of which only led to high melting-point (> 200 ˚C) solids which were not further investigated. However, the combination of trihexyltetradecylphosphonium, (C 14 H 29 )(C 6 H 13 ) 3 Keggin) and ˗48 ˚C (Lindqvist), respectively. Thermal stability measurements using TGA-DSC analysis showed that no weight loss is observed up to ca.…”

“…According to his definition, ionic liquids are "materials composed of cations and anions, that melt around 100 °C or below as an arbitrary temperature limit", which sets them apart from molten salts that exhibit higher melting points. [2,3] The initial research of ionic liquids was mainly centered around organic compounds with asymmetric alkyl chains that effectively prevented formation of lattice structures and therefore ensured that those compounds were liquid even below 100 °C. fail, the use of ionic liquids can deliver convincing results.…”

“…[52] Another example is the deep desulfurization of model diesel fuels which has been demonstrated using a Keggin-based POM-IL featuring the N-propanesulfone pyridinium (PsPy + ) cation. [53] The compound, POM-IL-5, (PsPy) 3 POMs dissolved in ionic liquids as solvents can therefore increasingly be found in literature. [56][57][58] Such a straight forward approach may suffice for many applications yet be insufficient for others as dissolution of POM salts in ILs always results in the introduction of two additional ionic species (i.e.…”

Reactions of Alkyl Halides in Fused Salt Media

“…However, a variety of reactions have been reported, including a number involving substitution, elimination, and other reactions of organic molecules; many of the known examples have been reviewed by Sundermeyer (1). These include halide and pseudohalide exchange, halogenation, and elimination reactions.…”