Fusobacterium prausnitzii and Related Species Represent a Dominant Group Within the Human Fecal Flora

Suau, Antonia; Rochet, Violaine; Sghir, Abdelghani; Gramet, Geneviève; Brewaeys, Stéphanie; Sutren, Malène; Rigottier-Gois, Lionel; Doré, Joël

doi:10.1078/0723-2020-00015

Cited by 171 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The two major groups of butyrate-producing bacteria are more abundant in healthy adults, with the Roseburia and E. rectale group estimated at 7-10% of the total population (34) and F. prausnitzii forming up to 15% of the total population (35). The results presented here indicate that, within the Roseburia genus, R. inulinivorans is able to use scFOS and inulin directly for growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Substrate-driven gene expression in Roseburia inulinivorans : Importance of inducible enzymes in the utilization of inulin and starch

Scott

Martin

Chassard

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

121

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Roseburia inulinivorans is a recently identified motile representative of the Firmicutes that contributes to butyrate formation from a variety of dietary polysaccharide substrates in the human large intestine. Microarray analysis was used here to investigate substratedriven gene-expression changes in R. inulinivorans A2-194. A cluster of fructo-oligosaccharide/inulin utilization genes induced during growth on inulin included one encoding a β-fructofuranosidase protein that was prominent in the proteome of inulin-grown cells. This cluster also included a 6-phosphofructokinase and an ABC transport system, whereas a distinct inulin-induced 1-phosphofructokinase was linked to a fructose-specific phosphoenolpyruvatedependent sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS II transport enzyme). Real-time PCR analysis showed that the β-fructofuranosidase and adjacent ABC transport protein showed greatest induction during growth on inulin, whereas the 1-phosphofructokinase enzyme and linked sugar phosphotransferase transport system were most strongly up-regulated during growth on fructose, indicating that these two clusters play distinct roles in the use of inulin. The R. inulinivorans β-fructofuranosidase was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and shown to hydrolyze fructans ranging from inulin down to sucrose, with greatest activity on fructo-oligosaccharides. Genes induced on starch included the major extracellular α-amylase and two distinct α-glucanotransferases together with a gene encoding a flagellin protein. The latter response may be concerned with improving bacterial access to insoluble starch particles.anaerobic gut bacteria | differential gene expression | fructooligosaccharides | butyrate | prebiotic P lant cell wall polysaccharides, storage polysaccharides such as resistant starch and inulin, and many oligosaccharides of plant origin remain undigested in the upper gastrointestinal tract and become important substrates for the growth of colonic bacteria. Prebiotics are defined as dietary substrates that reach the colon where they selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial gut bacteria (1), with the most widely used prebiotics being the fructans inulin and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS). Inulin is a linear polymer [degree of polymerization (DP) = 3-60] of β-2,1-linked fructose monomers with a terminal glucose residue, whereas FOS have the same backbone but a maximal chain length of 8 monomeric units. The increasing use of prebiotics to enhance gut health is driving research into their mode of action. Many studies have shown that both inulin and FOS selectively stimulate the growth of potentially beneficial gut bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli (reviewed in ref.2). However, only a few studies have considered the potential for stimulation of other bacterial groups that may also be beneficial (3-6).The bifidogenic dose of inulin has been defined as 5-8 g/d (7), yet the effect of such supplementation on other beneficial groups of gut bacteria and the differences relating to different compositions of inulin...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Substrate-driven gene expression in Roseburia inulinivorans : Importance of inducible enzymes in the utilization of inulin and starch

Scott

Martin

Chassard

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

121

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“…Fusobacterium prausnitzii is one of the most frequent and numerous species detected in the human large bowel using 16S rDNA library and culture-based methods (approximately 4 10% of the total clone population and approximately 7% of total isolates) (21,32,33) as shown in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Microbial Diversity in a Strict Vegetarian as Determined by Molecular Analysis and Cultivation

Hayashi

Sakamoto

Benno

2002

Microbiology and Immunology

135

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Fecal microbial diversity in a strictly vegetarian woman was determined by the 16S rDNA library method, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T‐RFLP) analysis and a culture‐based method. The 16S rDNA library was generated from extracted fecal DNA, using bacteria‐specific primers. Randomly selected clones were partially sequenced. T‐RFLP analysis was performed using amplified 16S rDNA. The lengths of T‐RF were analyzed after digestion by HhaI and MspI. The cultivated bacterial isolates were used for partial sequencing of 16S rDNA. Among 183 clones obtained, approximately 29% of the clones belonged to 13 known species. About 71% of the remaining clones were novel “phylotypes” (at least 98% similarity of clone sequence). A total of 55 species or phylotypes were identified among the 16S rDNA library, while the cultivated isolates included 22 species or phylotypes. In addition, many new phylotypes were detected from the 16S rDNA library. The 16S rDNA library and isolates commonly included the Bacteroides group, Bifidobacterium group, and Clostridium rRNA clusters IV, XIVa, XVI and XVIII. T‐RFLP analysis revealed the major composition of the vegetarian gut microbiota were Clostridium rRNA subcluster XIVa and Clostridium rRNA cluster XVIII. The dominant feature of this strictly vegetarian gut microbiota was the detection of many Clostridium rRNA subcluster XIVa and C. ramosum (Clostridium rRNA cluster XVIII).

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“…Dose period 3 (days [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. Volunteers consumed 100 g of their treatment chocolate, and kept daily diaries during the period.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

A human volunteer study to assess the impact of confectionery sweeteners on the gut microbiota composition

2010

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Sweeteners are being sourced to lower the energetic value of confectionery including chocolates. Some, especially non-digestible carbohydrates, may possess other benefits for human health upon their fermentation by the colonic microbiota. The present study assessed non-digestible carbohydrate sweeteners, selected for use in low-energy chocolates, for their ability to beneficially modulate faecal bacterial profiles in human volunteers. Forty volunteers consumed a test chocolate (low-energy or experimental chocolate) containing 22·8 g of maltitol (MTL), MTL and polydextrose (PDX), or MTL and resistant starch for fourteen consecutive days. The dose of the test chocolates was doubled every 2 weeks over a 6-week period. Numbers of faecal bifidobacteria significantly increased with all the three test treatments. Chocolate containing the PDX blend also significantly increased faecal lactobacilli (P¼ 0·00 001) after the 6 weeks. The PDX blend also showed significant increases in faecal propionate and butyrate (P¼ 0·002 and 0·006, respectively). All the test chocolates were well tolerated with no significant change in bowel habit or intestinal symptoms even at a daily dose of 45·6 g of non-digestible carbohydrate sweetener. This is of importance not only for giving manufacturers a sugar replacement that can reduce energetic content, but also for providing a well-tolerated means of delivering high levels of non-digestible carbohydrates into the colon, bringing about improvements in the biomarkers of gut health.

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Fusobacterium prausnitzii and Related Species Represent a Dominant Group Within the Human Fecal Flora

Cited by 171 publications

References 26 publications

Substrate-driven gene expression in Roseburia inulinivorans : Importance of inducible enzymes in the utilization of inulin and starch

Substrate-driven gene expression in Roseburia inulinivorans : Importance of inducible enzymes in the utilization of inulin and starch

Fecal Microbial Diversity in a Strict Vegetarian as Determined by Molecular Analysis and Cultivation

A human volunteer study to assess the impact of confectionery sweeteners on the gut microbiota composition

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