Future changes of temperature and heat waves in Ontario, Canada

Li, Zhong; Huang, Guohe; Huang, Wei; Lin, Qianguo; Liao, Renfei; Fan, Yurui

doi:10.1007/s00704-017-2123-8

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The weather file (CWEC 2016) used in the study's solar analysis provides a reasonable representation of typical meteorological conditions in Toronto based on historical weather data. However, under future climate scenarios, higher mean temperatures resulting in increased cloud cover and precipitation may contribute to reduced solar irradiance on buildings in Toronto (Li et al, 2018).…”

Section: • Future Climatic Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

A least squares regression-based approach in the investigation of the influence of density metrics of 14 distinct Toronto neighbourhoods on the roof and facade solar potential

Hasan,

Zheng,

Horvat

2023

Front. Built Environ.

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Introduction: This Toronto-based study explores how density metrics relate to the solar potential of rooftops and facades of buildings in neighbourhoods differentiated by their use classifications. In the context of Toronto’s 2040 Net Zero Strategy, this research contributes insight on identifying neighbourhood types in Toronto that are suitable for undergoing retrofits of active solar technologies.Methods: The methodological approach adopted in this investigation mainly entails the selection of representative neighbourhood archetypes in the city; compilation of density metrics representing the neighbourhood morphological form and conducting solar analysis and regression assessments using relevant computational tools. By identifying 14 distinct neighbourhood archetypes and examining 20 relevant density metrics, the variation of roof and façade solar potential has been evaluated through a least squares regression-based approach.Results: The findings indicate a negative correlation between certain density metrics, such as the standard deviation of height, plot density, nearest neighbour ratio, and complexity with the roof solar potential, thereby demonstrating that certain neighbourhoods such as those categorized as Employment or Institutional may be more suitable for active solar technologies retrofits. Additionally, there is no significant relationship between most density metrics and façade solar irradiance, apart from the open space ratio, which only affects it moderately. Façade solar potential is unique to building position and orientation and can vary non-uniformly across neighbourhood-use classifications based on the extent of overshadowing inherent to that configuration.Discussion: The study provides valuable insights for urban planning and neighbourhood design, specifically in terms of density metrics that need to be considered when opting for active solar technology retrofits of existing Toronto neighbourhoods. Additionally, the study’s methodological approach can be emulated as a framework for future research exploring neighbourhood archetypes in other cities and climatic conditions. The findings of this research also contribute to promoting sustainable energy transition in Toronto’s neighbourhoods.

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Section: • Future Climatic Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

A least squares regression-based approach in the investigation of the influence of density metrics of 14 distinct Toronto neighbourhoods on the roof and facade solar potential

Hasan,

Zheng,

Horvat

2023

Front. Built Environ.

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“…Equally, Invidiata and Ghisi [99] indicated the potential increase in residential energy demand of buildings in the cities of Curitiba, Florianópolis, and Belém, Brazil, and recommended the utilization of passive design plans in buildings. Li et al [100] emphasized the potential for higher temperatures and severe heat waves in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and showed how their study can help policymakers realize potential temperature changes in Ontario. In proposing specific mitigation measures against heat due to increasing urban temperatures in Bari, Italy, Lassandro et al [101] specifically suggested the use of green roofs, water jects, and cooling resources.…”

Section: Extreme Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Risk Mitigation and Adaptation Concerns in Urban Areas: A Systematic Review of the Impact of IPCC Assessment Reports

Monteiro

Ankrah

Madureira

et al. 2022

Climate

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Urban areas continue to be the center of action for many countries due to their contribution to economic development. Many urban areas, through the urbanization process, have become vulnerable to climate risk, thereby making risk mitigation and adaptation essential components in urban planning. The study assessed the impacts of IPCC Assessment Reports (ARs) on academic research on risk mitigation and adaptation concerns in urban areas. The study systematically reviewed literature through searches of the Web of Science and Scopus databases; 852 papers were retrieved and 370 were deemed eligible. The results showed that the East Asia and Pacific, and Europe and Central Asia regions were most interested in IPCC ARs, while Sub-Saharan Africa showed little interest. Several urban concerns, including socio-economic, air quality, extreme temperature, sea level rise/flooding, health, and water supply/drought, were identified. Additionally, studies on negative health outcomes due to extreme temperatures and air pollution did not appear in the first four IPCC ARs. However, significant studies appeared after the launch of the AR5. Here, we must state that climate-related problems of urbanization were known and discussed in scientific papers well before the formation of the IPCC. For instance, the works of Clarke on urban structure and heat mortality and Oke on climatic impacts of urbanization. Though the IPCC ARs show impact, their emphasis on combined mitigation and adaptation policies is limited. This study advocates more combined risk mitigation and adaptation policies in urban areas for increased resilience to climate risk.

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Climate change has resulted in an increasing number of natural catastrophes during the last few decades, such as heatwaves (Z. Li et al, 2018), hurricanes (Weinkle et al, 2018), drought (Trenberth et al, 2014), and especially floods (Mallakpour & Villarini, 2015). Floods have been recognized as the most prevalent natural catastrophe, posing a hazard to the majority of locations worldwide.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factorial CGE‐Based Analysis for the Indirect Benefits of the Three Gorges Project

Han

Huang

Liu

et al. 2023

Water Resources Research

Self Cite

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Climate change has resulted in an increasing number of natural catastrophes during the last few decades, such as heatwaves (Z. Li et al., 2018), hurricanes (Weinkle et al., 2018), drought (Trenberth et al., 2014), and especially floods (Mallakpour & Villarini, 2015). Floods have been recognized as the most prevalent natural catastrophe, posing a hazard to the majority of locations worldwide. Floods accounted for 40% of all weather-related disasters, affecting over 1.65 billion people over the previous two decades, while the number of floods around the world has climbed from 1,389 to 3,254 (UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, 2020). Thus, although the construction of large-scale hydraulic projects (LHPs) not only is time-consuming but also requires numerous human and material resources, many LHPs have been built in both developed and developing countries to improve river basin flood-resilience and promote flood-risk management. Under such circumstances, it becomes critical to investigate the comprehensive effects of LHPs during and after floods, as well as to develop cost-effective postflood adaptation and mitigation strategies.It is preferable to have a solid understanding of how to estimate the flooding losses in order to be aware of LHPs' economic flood-retention impacts. Many recent studies have focused on the direct social and economic impacts of natural catastrophes (e.g., the loss of life and tangible possessions; Okuyama, 2014). Direct economic losses resulting from natural hazards were typically assessed by government authorities or insurance companies based on first-hand data surveys and interviews (Ansell & Valle, 2021), or disaster models. However, the direct losses during a flood event only account for a small portion of total losses, whereas indirect losses may impose a much longer and larger impact (Cunado & Ferreira, 2014;Okuyama & Santos, 2014). Some approaches have been developed to analyze such indirect losses. Zeng et al. (2019) distinguished the main approaches for estimating the indirect flood losses of a natural disaster, such as postdisaster economic surveying (Molinari et al., 2014), econometric modeling (Cavallo et al., 2013, input-output (IO) models (Miller & Blair, 2009), and computable general equilibrium (CGE) models (Rose & Liao, 2005). Since the first two methods inevitably require primary data sources and can hardly capture the complex interrelationships in the socioeconomic system, academics preferred the IO and CGE models for investigating indirect flood losses (Koks & Thissen, 2016). However, the IO approach

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Future changes of temperature and heat waves in Ontario, Canada

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

A least squares regression-based approach in the investigation of the influence of density metrics of 14 distinct Toronto neighbourhoods on the roof and facade solar potential

A least squares regression-based approach in the investigation of the influence of density metrics of 14 distinct Toronto neighbourhoods on the roof and facade solar potential

Climate Risk Mitigation and Adaptation Concerns in Urban Areas: A Systematic Review of the Impact of IPCC Assessment Reports

Factorial CGE‐Based Analysis for the Indirect Benefits of the Three Gorges Project

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