The expected growth in infrastructure and energy transition may exacerbate biodiversity loss by the rising demand for mining products. Many mining products are extracted in the Global South and exported to the global North for further processing and final consumption, where a link to the devastating environmental effects is often missing. Based on an enhanced multi-regional input-output database, this study assesses global biodiversity loss associated with land use of mining (mining-related) to identify hotspots, key processing industries, and final consumers of mining products. Our study reveals that half of global mining-related biodiversity loss occur in Indonesia, Australia, and New Caledonia. Major international trade flows of embodied biodiversity loss involve Indonesia’s coal exports to China and India, New Caledonia’s nickel exports to Japan and Australia, and Australia’s iron and aluminum exports to China. Key consumers include China’s growing infrastructure and households in the EU and USA. Electricity generation accounted for 10% of global mining-related biodiversity loss in 2014. The impact of coal-fired electricity is far higher compared to renewables, both overall and per electricity generated. Our results underline synergies in fostering renewables while reducing global biodiversity loss, and provide transparency for industry and policy to source more sustainable mining products.