“…In Indonesia, the mangrove horseshoe crabs can be easily found along North Java coastal waters, such as in Indramayu, Subang, Semarang, Demak, Rembang, Sumenep, Bangkalan, Probolinggo, Gresik, and Lamongan. However, the horseshoe crab is experiencing pressure and conservation problems, so it needs research as a baseline for future management (Wang et al, 2020). Current studies on horseshoe crabs in Indonesia cover their biological aspects, such as taxonomy and morphology (Meilana et al, 2016;Sumarmin et al, 2017;Erwyansyah et al, 2018;Aini et al, 2020), reproductive biology (Eidman et al, 1997), feeding habits (Nuraisah et al, 2020), and habitat distribution (Mashar et al, 2017;Erwyansyah et al, 2018;John et al, 2018a,b) solely.…”