Future Physics Perspectives on the Equation of State from Heavy Ion Collisions to Neutron Stars

Dexheimer, Veronica; Noronha, Jorge; Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn; Ratti, Claudia; Yunes, Nicolás

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2010.08834

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 237 publications

(300 reference statements)

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“…There are some indications of this from Bayesian analyses [77], which imply that extreme caution should be exercised about any conclusions drawn from work based on ideal hydrodynamics at large baryon densities (see Ref. [78] for further discussion).…”

Section: Influence On T µB Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building a testable shear viscosity across the QCD phase diagram

McLaughlin,

Rose,

Dore

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Current experiments at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) are probing finite baryon densities where the shear viscosity to enthalpy ratio ηT /w of the Quark Gluon Plasma remains unknown. We use the Hadron Resonance Gas (HRG) model with the most up-to-date hadron list to calculate ηT /w at low temperatures and at finite baryon densities ρB. We then match ηT /w to a QCD-based shear viscosity calculation within the deconfined phase to create a table across {T, µB} for different cross-over and critical point scenarios at a specified location. We find that these new ηT /w(T, µB) values would require initial conditions at significantly larger ρB, compared to ideal hydrodynamic trajectories, in order to reach the same freeze-out point.1 Note that at finite µ B the enthalpy w = ε + p is used rather than entropy 2 Alternatives to η/s(T, µ B = 0) = 0.08 exist [14-17] at vanishing baryon densities where an action is formulated that allows for derivatives up to the 4th order. However, these calculations have not yet been incorporated into non-conformal AdS. Since nonconformality is vital for understanding the QCD phase transition, the current framework cannot provide non-trivial information about η/s(T, µ B ) at a critical point.

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Section: Influence On T µB Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building a testable shear viscosity across the QCD phase diagram

McLaughlin,

Rose,

Dore

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The equation of state (EoS) of QCD plays a crucial role in the search for the critical point, and it is needed as input in the hydrodynamic simulations that describe the system created in the collisions [11,12]. The knowledge of the QCD equation of state and phase diagram at finite density from first principles is currently limited, due to the aforementioned sign problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parameters for the curves to fit the lattice Taylor coefficients with functional forms given in Eqs (11,12)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Strangeness neutral equation of state for QCD with a critical point

Stafford¹,

Mroczek²,

Acuña³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We present a strangeness-neutral equation of state for QCD that exhibits critical behavior and matches lattice QCD results for the Taylor-expanded thermodynamic variables up to fourth-order in µB/T . It is compatible with the SMASH hadronic transport approach and has a range of temperatures and baryonic chemical potentials relevant for phase II of the Beam Energy Scan at RHIC. We provide an updated version of the software BES-EoS, which produces an equation of state for QCD that includes a critical point in the 3D Ising model universality class. This new version also includes isentropic trejectories and the critical contribution to the correlation length. Since heavy-ion collisions have zero global net-strangeness density and a fixed ratio of electric charge to baryon number, the BES-EoS is more suitable to describe this system. Comparison with the previous version of the EoS is thoroughly discussed.

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“…It was first discovered as a new state of matter created at high temperature and nearly zero net baryonic density. Now the challenge is to create it at nonzero net baryonic density, explore its phase diagram and unravel its conjectured critical point [1][2][3][4]. Experimental facilities around the world are participating in this effort or planning to (BES-RHIC in the USA [5,6], HADES [7] and FAIR [8][9][10][11] in Germany, NICA in Russia [12,13], J-PARC in Japan).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictions for flow harmonic distributions and flow factorization ratios at RHIC

Barbosa,

Gardim,

Grassi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Data obtained at RHIC can be reproduced by relativistic viscous hydrodynamic simulations by adjusting the viscosity and initial conditions but it is difficult to disentangle these quantities. It is therefore important to find orthogonal observables to constrain the initial conditions separately from the viscosity. New observables have been measured at the LHC and shown to be sensitive to initial conditions and less to medium properties, specifically factorization breaking ratios appears to be promising. Here we consider two models (NeXus and TRENTO) that reproduce these quantities reasonably well at the LHC and then we make predictions for RHIC. While both models lead to similar results for the scaled flow harmonic distributions, they predict very different patterns for the factorization breaking ratios at RHIC.

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Future Physics Perspectives on the Equation of State from Heavy Ion Collisions to Neutron Stars

Cited by 6 publications

References 237 publications

Building a testable shear viscosity across the QCD phase diagram

Building a testable shear viscosity across the QCD phase diagram

Strangeness neutral equation of state for QCD with a critical point

Predictions for flow harmonic distributions and flow factorization ratios at RHIC

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