Future Viral Vectors For the Delivery of Asymptomatic Herpes Epitope-based Immunotherapeutic Vaccines

The Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Latency-Associated Transcript Promotes Functional Exhaustion of Virus-Specific CD8 + T Cells in Latently Infected Trigeminal Ganglia: a Novel Immune Evasion Mechanism

“…The CD107 assay was performed as recently described (15)(16)(17)(18)37) with a few modifications. Freshly isolated TG-derived cells were left unstimulated or were stimulated with gB 498-505 or phytohemagglutinin (PHA) (positive control) at 37°C for 5 to 6 h in the presence of BD GolgiStop (BD Biosciences) and 10 l of FITC-conjugated CD107 antibody.…”

The Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Latency-Associated Transcript Inhibits Phenotypic and Functional Maturation of Dendritic Cells

“…Mice were euthanized and TG were harvested, pooled, and digested in DMEM-5% FBS containing collagenase I (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA), as we previously described (5)(6)(7)(8)38). The digested tissue suspension was passed through a 45-mm nylon cell strainer.…”

“…The CD107 assay was performed as recently described (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)40), with a few modifications. Freshly isolated TGderived cells were left unstimulated, or were stimulated with gB 498-505 or PHA (positive control) at 37°C for 5-6 h in the …”

“…Immunostaining of latently-infected TG was performed on day 35, as we previously described (5,6,7,8,20). Briefly, the mice were euthanized, and TG were harvested, embedded in embedding compound, and snap-frozen.…”

“…Approximately 90% of the human population is seropositive for this virus (1)(2)(3)(4). Although HSV-1 usually causes mild lesions on the lips (cold sores), it also causes blinding infection in eyes and fatal encephalitis in the brain (1,2,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). After primary infection, HSV-1 persists lifelong in the infected host in the sensory neurons of the trigeminal ganglia (TG) in a non-reproductive, latent state.…”