The new arithmetic operations of non-normal fuzzy sets are studied in this paper by using the extension principle and considering the general aggregation function. Usually, the aggregation functions are taken to be the minimum function or t-norms. In this paper, we considered a general aggregation function to set up the arithmetic operations of non-normal fuzzy sets. In applications, the arithmetic operations of fuzzy sets are always transferred to the arithmetic operations of their corresponding α-level sets. When the aggregation function is taken to be the minimum function, this transformation is clearly realized. Since the general aggregation function was adopted in this paper, the concept of compatibility with α-level sets is needed and is proposed, which can cover the conventional case using minimum functions as the special case.