“…[2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]), (2) fuzzy least squares and fuzzy least absolutes parametric/non-parametric methods, where the gap between the predicted fuzzy values and available fuzzy data is minimized with regard to various distance measures between two fuzzy numbers, covering the most commonly used linear and non-linear models (see for instance Refs. [15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29]), and (3) machine learning techniques, like evolutionary algorithms [30,31,32,33,34], support vector machines [35,36,37,38], and neural networks embedded in fuzzy regression analysis [39,40,41,42,43], where the ideas and terminology relevant to biological evolution are used, such as mutation, recombination, reproduction and selection. Here the candidate solutions of the optimization problem represent individuals in a population.…”