GABA and GABA Receptors in the Central Nervous System and Other Organs

Watanabe, Masaru; Maemura, Kentaro; Kanbara, Kiyoto; Tamayama, Takumi; Hayasaki, Hana

doi:10.1016/s0074-7696(02)13011-7

Cited by 522 publications

(389 citation statements)

References 343 publications

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“…GAD and GABA are also expressed in a transient manner at multiple sites outside of the embryonic CNS (Katarova et al, 2000;Maddox and Condie, 2001;Watanabe et al, 2002;Hagiwara et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2004Wang et al, , 2006Abe et al, 2005;Krecsmarik et al, 2005;Tamayama et al, 2005), where GABA may serve as a paracrine modulator of cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Well-documented is the indispensable role of the GABA signaling in the morphogenesis of the embryonic palate (Culiat et al, 1995;Asada et al, 1997;Condie et al, 1997;Homanics et al, 1997;Ji et al, 1999;Hagiwara et al, 2003), although the underlying molecular mechanism is still unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GAD isoforms exhibit distinct spatiotemporal expression patterns in the developing mouse lens: Correlation with Dlx2 and Dlx5

Kwakowsky

Schwirtlich

Zhang

et al. 2007

Developmental Dynamics

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Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the adult nervous system and its biosynthetic enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are abundantly expressed in the embryonic nervous system and are involved in the modulation of cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Here we describe for the first time the expression of GABA and embryonic and adult GAD isoforms in the developing mouse lens. We show that the GAD isoforms are sequentially induced with specific spatiotemporal profiles: GAD65 and embryonic GAD isoforms prevail in primary fibers, while GAD67 is the predominant GAD expressed in the postnatal secondary fibers. This pattern correlates well with the expression of Dlx2 and Dlx5, known as upstream regulators of GAD. GABA and GAD are most abundant at the tips of elongating fibers and are absent from organelle-free cells, suggesting their involvement is primarily in shaping of the cytoskeleton during fiber elongation stages. Developmental Dynamics 236: 3532-3544, 2007.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GAD isoforms exhibit distinct spatiotemporal expression patterns in the developing mouse lens: Correlation with Dlx2 and Dlx5

Kwakowsky

Schwirtlich

Zhang

et al. 2007

Developmental Dynamics

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“…3 Of the three major GABA receptor subtypes (GABA A , GABA B , and GABA C ), GABA A is most prevalent both in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. 4 Although GABA A receptors tend to exist as pentameric structures consisting of various combinations of six major subtypes (␣, ␤, ␥, ␦, ⑀ and ), five of these subtypes (excluding ⑀) have the capacity to form monomeric, ligand-gated receptor complexes. 5 The following isoforms have been identi-fied within three of the subtypes: ␣1-␣6, ␤1-␤3, and ␥1-␥3.…”

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confidence: 99%

Decreased hepatocyte membrane potential differences and GABAa-β3 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma

et al. 2007

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To determine whether hepatocyte membrane potential differences (PDs) are depolarized in human HCC and whether depolarization is associated with changes in GABA A receptor expression, hepatocyte PDs and ␥-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression were documented in HCC tissues via microelectrode impalement, real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis, respectively. HCC tissues were significantly depolarized (؊19.8 ؎ 1.3 versus ؊25. In recent in vitro studies, we demonstrated that restoration of depolarized malignant hepatocyte cell membrane potential differences (PDs) toward those documented in nonmalignant hepatocytes results in a loss of malignant features, including decreased proliferative activity, absence of colony formation in soft agar, and normalization of phenotypic appearance. 2 Whether HCC tissues are depolarized relative to adjacent nontumor tissues and the mechanisms whereby such depolarization might exist have yet to be reported.

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“…γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is one of the neurotransmitters of the peripheral and central nervous system, and it has an inhibiting action (Bormann, 2000;Watanabe et al, 2002). This neurotransmitter acts through three types of receptors: ionotropic GABA A and GABA C receptors and metabotropic GABA B receptor (Macdonald and Olsen, 1994;Bormann, 2000;Ong and Kerr, 2005;Emson, 2007;Olsen and Sieghart, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of basolateral amygdala GABAA receptors in the effect of dexamethasone on memory in rats

Khajehpour

Alizadeh-Makvandi

Kesmati

et al. 2011

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:In this study we investigated whether GABA A receptors of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) interact with the effect of dexamethasone on the retrieval stage of memory. Adult male Wistar rats were bilaterally cannulated in the BLA by stereotaxic surgery. The animals were trained in step-through apparatus by induction of electric shock (1.5 mA, 3 s) and were tested for memory retrieval after 1 d. The time of latency for entering the dark compartment of the instrument and the time spent by rats in this chamber were recorded for evaluation of the animals' retrieval in passive avoidance memory. Administration of dexamethasone (0.3 and 0.9 mg/kg, subcutaneously (s.c.)), immediately after training, enhanced memory retrieval. This effect was reduced by intra-BLA microinjection of muscimol (0.125, 0.250 and 0.500 µg/rat), when administered before 0.9 mg/kg of dexamethasone. Microinjection of bicuculline (0.75 µg/rat, intra-BLA) with an ineffective dose of dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) increased memory retrieval. However, the same doses of muscimol and bicuculline without dexamethasone did not affect memory processes. Our data support reports that dexamethasone enhances memory retrieval. It seems that GABA A receptors of the BLA mediate the effect of dexamethasone on memory retrieval in rats.

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GABA and GABA Receptors in the Central Nervous System and Other Organs

Cited by 522 publications

References 343 publications

GAD isoforms exhibit distinct spatiotemporal expression patterns in the developing mouse lens: Correlation with Dlx2 and Dlx5

GAD isoforms exhibit distinct spatiotemporal expression patterns in the developing mouse lens: Correlation with Dlx2 and Dlx5

Decreased hepatocyte membrane potential differences and GABAa-β3 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma

Involvement of basolateral amygdala GABAA receptors in the effect of dexamethasone on memory in rats

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