GABA operates upstream of H+-ATPase and improves salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis by enabling cytosolic K+ retention and Na+ exclusion

Su, Nana; Wu, Qi; Chen, Jiahui; Shabala, Lana; Mithöfer, Axel; Wang, Haiyang; Qu, Mei; Yu, Min; Chen, Jin; Shabala, Sergey

doi:10.1093/jxb/erz367

Cited by 96 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…There are few studies on the effect of exogenous GABA on the content of sodium ions in plants and it is not clear whether GABA can directly reduce sodium ion content. However, it has been reported that Arabidopsis mutants with high GABA content have signi cantly lower root sodium ux than those with low GABA content [1] Our study showed that Na + ux increased signi cantly under salt stress, and we also observed for the rst time that exogenous GABA signi cantly decreased Na + e ux in leaves and in ux in roots (Fig. 5).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The ux of sodium ions in roots and leaves of salt-sensitive varieties were signi cantly higher than those of salttolerant varieties [36]. The content of sodium ion in leaves of a salt-sensitive Arabidopsis mutant was also signi cantly higher than that of a salt-tolerant mutant [1]. Therefore, we believe that the signi cant decrease of sodium ion ux and content by exogenous GABA is the important physiological mechanism of alleviating salt stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…However, soil salinization often severely affects tomato fruit yield and quality by decreasing photosynthetic e ciency and disturbing physiological metabolism due to ion toxicity, osmotic stress, nutrient de ciency, etc. Apparently, compared with the slow progress of breeding [1], the regulation of salt stress tolerance by exogenous substances is a fast and effective method to relieve salt damage in crops, especially by regulating various ion transport pathways and the related metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) alleviates salt damage in tomato by modulating Na+ uptake, the GAD gene, amino acid synthesis and reactive oxygen species metabolism

Jia

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Salt stress is a serious abiotic stress that caused crop growth inhibition and yield decline. Previous studies have reported on the the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and its relationship with plant resistance under various abiotic stress. However, the relationship between exogenous GABA alleviating plant salt stress damage and ion flux, amino acid synthesis, and key enzyme expression remains largely unclear. We investigated plant growth, Na+ transportation and accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and evaluated the effect of GABA on amino acids especially SlGADs gene expression and the endogenous GABA content of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings treated with or without 5 mmol·L-1 GABA under 175 mmol·L-1 NaCl stress. Results: Exogenous application of GABA significantly reduced the salt damage index and increased plant height, chlorophyll content and the dry and fresh weights of tomato plants exposed to NaCl stress. GABA significantly reduced Na+ accumulation in leaves and roots by preventing Na+ influx in roots and transportation to leaves. The transcriptional expression of SlGAD1-3 genes were induced by NaCl stress especially with GABA application. Among them, SlGAD1 expression was the most sensitive and contributed the most to the increase in glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) activity induced by NaCl and GABA application; Exogenous GABA increased GAD activity and amino acid contents in tomato leaves compared with the levels under NaCl stress alone, especially the levels of endogenous GABA, proline, glutamate and eight other amino acids. These results indicated that SlGADs transcriptional expression played an important role in tomato plant resistance to NaCl stress with GABA application by enhancing GAD activity and amino acid content. GABA significantly alleviated the active oxygen-related injury of leaves under NaCl stress by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing the contents of active oxygen species and malondialdehyde.Conclusion: Exogenous GABA had a positive effect on the resistance of tomato seedlings to salt stress, which was closely associated with reducing Na+ flux from root to leaves, increasing amino acid content and strengthening antioxidant metabolism. Endogenous GABA content was induced by salt and exogenous GABA at both the transcriptional and metabolic levels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) alleviates salt damage in tomato by modulating Na+ uptake, the GAD gene, amino acid synthesis and reactive oxygen species metabolism

Jia

et al. 2020

Preprint

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show abstract

“…In recent years, soil salinization has become an alarmingly severe problem, affecting 10% of the land surface in the world [1] as well as 42.9% of protected soil in China [2]. This issue has become the main obstacle for the sustainable production of protected agriculture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, soil salinization often severely affects tomato fruit yield and quality by decreasing photosynthetic efficiency and disturbing physiological metabolism due to ion toxicity, osmotic stress, nutrient deficiency, etc. Apparently, compared with the slow progress of breeding [1], the regulation of salt stress tolerance by exogenous substances is a fast and effective method to relieve salt damage in crops, especially by regulating various ion transport pathways and the related metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) alleviates salt damage in tomato by modulating Na+ uptake, the GAD gene, amino acid synthesis and reactive oxygen species metabolism

Jia

et al. 2020

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Salt stress is a serious abiotic stress that caused crop growth inhibition and yield decline. Previous studies have reported on the the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and its relationship with plant resistance under various abiotic stress. However, the relationship between exogenous GABA alleviating plant salt stress damage and ion flux, amino acid synthesis, and key enzyme expression remains largely unclear. We investigated plant growth, Na+ transportation and accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and evaluated the effect of GABA on amino acids, especially SlGADs gene expression and the endogenous GABA content of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings treated with or without 5 mmol·L− 1 GABA under 175 mmol·L− 1 NaCl stress. Results Exogenous application of GABA significantly reduced the salt damage index and increased plant height, chlorophyll content and the dry and fresh weights of tomato plants exposed to NaCl stress. GABA significantly reduced Na+ accumulation in leaves and roots by preventing Na+ influx in roots and transportation to leaves. The transcriptional expression of SlGAD1–3 genes were induced by NaCl stress especially with GABA application. Among them, SlGAD1 expression was the most sensitive and contributed the most to the increase in glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) activity induced by NaCl and GABA application; Exogenous GABA increased GAD activity and amino acid contents in tomato leaves compared with the levels under NaCl stress alone, especially the levels of endogenous GABA, proline, glutamate and eight other amino acids. These results indicated that SlGADs transcriptional expression played an important role in tomato plant resistance to NaCl stress with GABA application by enhancing GAD activity and amino acid contents. GABA significantly alleviated the active oxygen-related injury of leaves under NaCl stress by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing the contents of active oxygen species and malondialdehyde. Conclusion Exogenous GABA had a positive effect on the resistance of tomato seedlings to salt stress, which was closely associated with reducing Na+ flux from root to leaves, increasing amino acid content and strengthening antioxidant metabolism. Endogenous GABA content was induced by salt and exogenous GABA at both the transcriptional and metabolic levels.

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MdSINA2‐MdNAC104 Module Regulates Apple Alkaline Resistance by Affecting γ‐Aminobutyric Acid Synthesis and Transport

Li,

Tian,

Liu

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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Soil alkalization is an adverse factor limiting plant growth and yield. As a signaling molecule and secondary metabolite, γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) responds rapidly to alkaline stress and enhances the alkaline resistance of plants. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the GABA pathway adapts to alkaline stress remain unclear. In this study, a transcription factor, MdNAC104 is identified, from the transcriptome of the alkaline‐stressed roots of apple, which effectively reduces GABA levels and negatively regulates alkaline resistance. Nevertheless, applying exogenous GABA compensates the negative regulatory mechanism of overexpressed MdNAC104 on alkaline resistance. Further research confirms that MdNAC104 repressed the GABA biosynthetic gene MdGAD1/3 and the GABA transporter gene MdALMT13 by binding to their promoters. Here, MdGAD1/3 actively regulates alkaline resistance by increasing GABA synthesis, while MdALMT13 promotes GABA accumulation and efflux in roots, resulting in an improved resistance to alkaline stress. This subsequent assays reveal that MdSINA2 interacts with MdNAC104 and positively regulates root GABA content and alkaline resistance by ubiquitinating and degrading MdNAC104 via the 26S proteasome pathway. Thus, the study reveals the regulation of alkaline resistance and GABA homeostasis via the MdSINA2‐MdNAC104‐MdGAD1/3/MdALMT13 module in apple. These findings provide novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of alkaline resistance in plants.

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GABA operates upstream of H+-ATPase and improves salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis by enabling cytosolic K+ retention and Na+ exclusion

Abstract: GABA has beneficial effects on salinity stress tolerance in Arabidopsis linked to increased activity of H+-ATPase, reduced ROS-induced K+ efflux from root epidermis, and increased SOS1 and NHX1 transcript levels in plant roots.

Cited by 96 publications

References 59 publications

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) alleviates salt damage in tomato by modulating Na+ uptake, the GAD gene, amino acid synthesis and reactive oxygen species metabolism

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) alleviates salt damage in tomato by modulating Na+ uptake, the GAD gene, amino acid synthesis and reactive oxygen species metabolism

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) alleviates salt damage in tomato by modulating Na+ uptake, the GAD gene, amino acid synthesis and reactive oxygen species metabolism

MdSINA2‐MdNAC104 Module Regulates Apple Alkaline Resistance by Affecting γ‐Aminobutyric Acid Synthesis and Transport

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