GABAergic mechanism in the rostral ventrolateral medulla contributes to the hypotension of moxonidine

Abstract

The current data demonstrate that GABAergic mechanisms in the RVLM are responsible for the hypotension and sympathoinhibition of moxonidine.

Moxonidine-induced central sympathoinhibition improves prognosis in rats with hypertensive heart failure

“…Moxonidine was obtained from Sigma Aldrich Corporation (St Louis, Missouri, USA) and dissolved in aCSF. The infusion dose of moxonidine was similar to that in previous studies [19,20]. In a preliminary experiment, we tested a 10 times lower dose of moxonidine, which did not elicit sympathoinhibition.…”

“…The cannula was placed 0.8 mm posterior and 1.5 mm lateral to bregma, as previously described [19,20]. The lower end (shorter arm) of the cannula (Alzetbrain infusion kit 2; DURECT Corporation, Cupertino, California, USA) was placed at a depth of 3.5 mm from the dura, and the upper end (longer arm) was connected to an osmotic minipump (Alzet Model 2006; DURECT Corporation) for chronic ICV infusion of moxonidine (4 mmol/l; infusion rate 0.15 ml/h for 42 days) or vehicle [artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) pH 7.4] as a control at 0.15 ml/h for 42 days.…”

“…Aliquots of protein (50 mg) from each sample were separated on 7.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel. 20 22 Age (weeks) 16 …”

A New Pyrroline Compound Selective for I1-Imidazoline Receptors Improves Metabolic Syndrome in Rats

“…The dose of 10 mg/kg used in these experiments was selected as the one that markedly reduced blood pressure in pilot experiments. The sympathetic inhibitory effects of all the reference drugs acting centrally, such clonidine, moxonidine, and rilmenidine, were also demonstrated in S-D rats under very similar technical conditions (Zhang and Johns, 1996;Vayssettes-Courchay et al, 2002;Peng et al, 2011). It would be preferable to determine whether all of these compounds, including LNP599, also reduce sympathetic activity in rodent models of MetS.…”

Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase–Dependent Elevation in Adiponectin in the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla Underlies G Protein–Coupled Receptor 18–Mediated Hypotension in Conscious Rats

“…1) and exacerbated CB 1 R-mediated hypertension (Ibrahim and Abdel-Rahman, 2012b). Second, GABA enhances Akt phosphorylation (Xu et al, 2008) and lowers BP (Peng et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2012). Third, suppressed Akt phosphorylation and GABA activity in the RVLM contribute to CB 1 R-dependent hypertension (Ibrahim and Abdel-Rahman, 2011).…”